Bharat Ratna for MS Swaminathan: The pioneer of India’s Green Revolution
Hindustan TimesMankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan, popularly known as MS Swaminathan, the pioneer of India’s Green Revolution, was awarded Bharat Ratna on Friday along with two former prime ministers, PV Narsimha Rao and Chaudhary Charan Singh. Swaminathan, who started as a young scientist at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute in 1959, collaborated with American agricultural scientist Norman Borlaug to customise high yielding Mexican wheat variety for Indian conditions and launched them in Punjab and Haryana at the time India was reeling under food crisis. At the same time, another breakthrough came when Swaminathan got hold of a fertiliser-responding high-yielding of variety of Indica rice from Philippines-based International Rice Research Institute and improvised it to suit Indian conditions, which made India a large cereal producer capable of exporting its surpluses. For the first time, India’s agriculture production growth rate touched 4%,” said former chief statistician of India, Pranob Sen. With passage of time, Swaminathan’s green revolution model were replicated in several states such as Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, with huge public investments in irrigation and fertilisers leading to India becoming food surplus by turn of the last century, having a buffer stock for supply of grains under the public distribution system.