Thinning out, not cooling off: Climate crisis and the dip in global population
Hindustan TimesFor over two centuries, the spectre of overpopulation has haunted global debates about food security, sustainability and the environment. A 2023 study by researchers at the University of Texas in Austin makes a convincing case that “contemporaneous fertility rates are, essentially, quantitatively irrelevant to our climate future.” According to the study’s findings, the difference in long-run temperature rise between population stabilisation and the UN’s population decline scenarios, over the next two centuries—given our current climate policies—is very small. “Private jets and the growing use of SUVs are some of the biggest contributors to emissions of the rich, which large sections of the population in the Global South do not have access to.” In fact, a 2023 article published by London’s Centre for Economic Policy Research argues that a declining population may actually hinder attempts at fighting climate change by increasing resource scarcity. Whether or not you agree with that idea—and many don’t—the consensus seems to be that population numbers are a lot less relevant to the climate change fight than other factors, such as intergovernmental cooperation, managing global conflict, technological investment, and low carbon development policies. “When it comes to climate change, population matters tremendously because demand will increase from coal, to food to roads,” says Mridula Ramesh, founder of the Sundaram Climate Institute and author of The Climate Solution – India’s Climate Change Crisis and What We Can Do About It.