Meera Gopal
The DiplomatIn November, the world gathered in the capital of Azerbaijan, Baku, for the annual United Nations Climate Change Conference. In the following interview, Meera Gopal – a senior program officer for climate at the Asia Society Policy Institute – details Asia’s multifaceted positions and concerns in regard to climate change, how countries from India to China approached the negotiations in Baku, and what lies ahead with the United States, soon to be under a second Trump administration, expected to step back from leadership in this space. Represented through blocs like the G77+China, the Least Developed Country Group, and the Alliance of Small Island States, these nations emphasized three key areas to support their efforts to address climate change induced vulnerability: The new climate finance goal incorporating grants or low-cost concessional financing, including specific allocations for SIDS and LDCs which unfortunately did not make it into the final text; ensuring the operationalization of the Loss and Damage Fund, such that it can start disbursing funds at the earliest; and strengthening the framework on the Global Goal on Adaptation, especially developing key indicators, and specific provisions on how it will be implemented. It is in the world’s interest to support them as they transition from fossil fuels as these countries are yet to peak their emissions In the end, COP29 overran by a day to reach a deal that calls on developed countries to mobilize at least $300 billion per year by 2035 to help the developing nations that are most vulnerable to climate disasters. For the first time, Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang announced data on climate finance, stating that since 2016, China has “provided and mobilized” 177 billion yuan for developing countries.