Dakota Access Pipeline: Judge orders partial halt to construction following attack on Native American protesters
8 years, 6 months ago

Dakota Access Pipeline: Judge orders partial halt to construction following attack on Native American protesters

The Independent  

The latest headlines from our reporters across the US sent straight to your inbox each weekday Your briefing on the latest headlines from across the US Your briefing on the latest headlines from across the US SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy A federal judge has granted a partial stop in production of a controversial multi-billion dollar oil pipeline following a violent confrontation between Native American protesters and construction workers in North Dakota. “Today’s denial of a temporary restraining order … west of Lake Oahe puts my people’s sacred places at further risk of ruin and desecration,” said Dave Archambault II, Standing Rock Sioux tribal chairman. Lawyers asked the judge to reject the tribe's request to halt construction temporarily, and added that the company “has taken and continues to take every reasonable precaution” to protect sacred sites. Assistant Attorney General John Cruden added in court documents: “he public interest would be served by preserving peace.” More than 3,000 Native American people have gathered at the Lake Oahe construction site to protest the building of the pipeline.

Native American Pipeline Temporary Halt Halt Construction  partial  judge  native  tribes  sacred  rock  pipeline  protesters  sites  following  standing  temporary  halt  construction  sioux  dakota  orders

History of this topic

Greenpeace Ordered to Pay Hundreds of Millions in Oil Pipeline Suit
1 week, 5 days ago

Greenpeace Ordered to Pay Hundreds of Millions in Oil Pipeline Suit

Hindustan Times  

A September 2016 protest march against the Dakota Access Pipeline. Greenpeace will have to pay hundreds of millions of dollars to the company behind the Dakota Access Pipeline, after a North Dakota jury found the environmental group liable for defamation, and trespassing in connection with protests against the project nearly a decade ago. PREMIUM Greenpeace Ordered to Pay Hundreds of …

Greenpeace trial begins in North Dakota in key free speech case
1 month, 1 week ago

Greenpeace trial begins in North Dakota in key free speech case

Raw Story  

by Issam AHMED A U.S. oil pipeline operator's lawsuit seeking millions of dollars from Greenpeace for allegedly orchestrating a campaign of violence and defamation begins Monday in a North Dakota court, in a case with broad free speech implications. At the heart of the case is the Dakota Access Pipeline, where nearly a decade ago, the Standing Rock Sioux tribe …

Appeals court sends back part of Dakota Access oil pipeline protester’s excessive force lawsuit
6 months ago

Appeals court sends back part of Dakota Access oil pipeline protester’s excessive force lawsuit

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — An appeals court has sent back part of a lawsuit brought by a protester of the Dakota Access oil pipeline, who alleged excessive force by law enforcement officers. Eric Poemoceah, of Oklahoma, filed the federal court lawsuit in 2020 against Morton County, County Sheriff Kyle Kirchmeier, then-Sheriff of Cass County Paul Laney and other officers, including unidentified …

Judge throws out remaining claims in oil pipeline protester’s excessive-force lawsuit
8 months ago

Judge throws out remaining claims in oil pipeline protester’s excessive-force lawsuit

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — A federal judge in North Dakota has thrown out the remainder of a lawsuit by an Arizona man who alleged excessive force was used against him when he was protesting the Dakota Access oil pipeline. His lawsuit alleged excessive force was used and that Mitchell’s constitutional rights were violated. In 2020, U.S. District Judge Daniel Traynor granted …

Feds leave future of Dakota Access pipeline's controversial river crossing unclear in draft review
1 year, 6 months ago

Feds leave future of Dakota Access pipeline's controversial river crossing unclear in draft review

The Independent  

The latest headlines from our reporters across the US sent straight to your inbox each weekday Your briefing on the latest headlines from across the US Your briefing on the latest headlines from across the US SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Federal officials on Friday …

More oil shipped as Dakota Access Pipeline expansion starts
3 years, 7 months ago

More oil shipped as Dakota Access Pipeline expansion starts

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — More oil is being shipped through the Dakota Access Pipeline to the dismay of opponents who say the line expansion should not have gone into service before an environmental study has been completed. The study will determine whether the Corps reissues a permit for the line to cross the Missouri River, which was revoked last year after …

Regulators plan to fine pipeline operators for safety issues
3 years, 8 months ago

Regulators plan to fine pipeline operators for safety issues

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — Federal regulators say they plan to fine the operator of the Dakota Access Pipeline $93,200 over pipeline safety violations. Some of the violations cited by the agency include improper placement of valves for storm water drainage on tanks at six facilities in western North Dakota, as well as a failure to correct a condition related to the …

Dakota Access foes seek environmental review updates from US
3 years, 9 months ago

Dakota Access foes seek environmental review updates from US

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — Dakota Access oil pipeline opponents asked a judge Friday to require the pipeline company and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to provide detailed monthly status reports while the federal government conducts an extensive environmental review of the project. The request comes after U.S. District Judge James Boasberg ruled in May that the pipeline, which carries oil …

Police say nearly 250 arrested in Minnesota pipeline protest
3 years, 9 months ago

Police say nearly 250 arrested in Minnesota pipeline protest

Associated Press  

FARGO, N.D. — Nearly 250 people were arrested when protesters attempting to stop the final leg of the reconstruction of an oil pipeline across northwestern Minnesota took over a pump station, law enforcement officials said Wednesday. Hubbard County Sheriff Cory Aukes said that 43 workers at the Enbridge Energy Line 3 pump station were trapped inside the site for some …

Pipeline foes gear up for large northern Minnesota protest
3 years, 9 months ago

Pipeline foes gear up for large northern Minnesota protest

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Environmental and tribal groups opposed …

Judge: Dakota Access line can stay open pending Corps review
3 years, 10 months ago

Judge: Dakota Access line can stay open pending Corps review

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — A federal judge ruled Friday that the Dakota Access oil pipeline may continue operating while the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducts an extensive environmental review. U.S. District Judge James Boasberg made his decision after attorneys for the pipeline’s Texas-based owner, Energy Transfer, argued that shuttering the pipeline would be a major economic blow to several entities, …

Corps: Dakota Access oil pipeline to stay open during review
3 years, 10 months ago

Corps: Dakota Access oil pipeline to stay open during review

Associated Press  

FARGO, N.D. — The Biden administration on Monday reiterated that the Dakota Access oil pipeline should continue to operate while the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducts an extensive environmental review, although the Corps said again that it could change its mind. “It is possible that in the EIS process the Corps would find new information,” the document stated, referring …

Standing Rock disputes new figures by Dakota Access owners
3 years, 11 months ago

Standing Rock disputes new figures by Dakota Access owners

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — Attorneys for the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe in North Dakota and South Dakota say the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers unlawfully authorized the Dakota Access pipeline without fully assessing the risks and are asking a judge to shut down the flow of oil while the Corps conducts a second environmental review. Standing Rock and other tribes filed …

Pipeline owner: Shutdown would cause dire financial effects
3 years, 11 months ago

Pipeline owner: Shutdown would cause dire financial effects

Associated Press  

FARGO, N.D. — The owner of the Dakota Access pipeline that moves oil from North Dakota to Illinois says shutting down the line would have dire financial consequences based on recent economic conditions. Texas-based Energy Transfer said in its filing late Monday that U.S. District Judge James Boasberg should deny a motion by the Standing Rock Tribe and other pipeline …

US federal court to decide fate of Dakota Access Pipeline permit
3 years, 11 months ago

US federal court to decide fate of Dakota Access Pipeline permit

Al Jazeera  

The $3.8bn pipeline crosses beneath the Missouri River, just north of the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation that straddles the North Dakota-South Dakota border. US District Judge James Boasberg wants the USACE to explain how it “expects to proceed” without a federal permit granting easement for the $3.8bn pipeline to cross beneath Lake Oahe, a reservoir along the Missouri River that …

What is the Dakota Access Pipeline and where does Biden stand on it?
4 years, 1 month ago

What is the Dakota Access Pipeline and where does Biden stand on it?

The Independent  

Why is the Dakota Access Pipeline controversial? The Standing Rock Sioux tribe and environmental organizations say the construction and size of DAPL has put the reservation’s only supply of drinking water at risk of oil spills and environmental pollution, as well as threatening sacred sites. The Standing Rock Sioux continued to press legal challenges against the pipeline even after it …

Court upholds order for Dakota Access environmental review
4 years, 2 months ago

Court upholds order for Dakota Access environmental review

Associated Press  

FARGO, N.D. — A federal appeals court on Tuesday upheld a district judge’s order for a full environmental impact review of the Dakota Access pipeline, but declined to shut the line down while the review is completed. Following a complaint by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe, U.S. District Judge James Boasberg said in April 2020 that a more extensive review …

Appeals court orders new Dakota Access environmental review
4 years, 2 months ago

Appeals court orders new Dakota Access environmental review

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy A federal appeals court on …

Judge dismisses DAPL lawsuit that claimed excessive force
4 years, 3 months ago

Judge dismisses DAPL lawsuit that claimed excessive force

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — A federal judge has thrown out the lawsuit of an Arizona man who claimed North Dakota law enforcement officers injured him and violated his civil rights during the Dakota Access pipeline protests. U.S. District Judge Daniel Traynor said in a Dec. 10 order that 24-year-old Marcus Mitchell placed himself where he knew less-than-lethal weapons were being used …

Tribes make new move to shut down Dakota Access Pipeline
4 years, 5 months ago

Tribes make new move to shut down Dakota Access Pipeline

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Native American tribes opposed to …

Tribes make new move to shut down Dakota Access Pipeline
4 years, 5 months ago

Tribes make new move to shut down Dakota Access Pipeline

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — Native American tribes opposed to the Dakota Access Pipeline once again have asked a federal judge to stop the flow of oil while the legal battle over the line’s future plays out. The Standing Rock Sioux and other tribes succeeded on their first attempt, only to have an appeals court overturn U.S. District Judge James Boasberg’s shutdown …

Native American tribes make new bid to shut down Dakota pipeline
4 years, 5 months ago

Native American tribes make new bid to shut down Dakota pipeline

Al Jazeera  

Native American tribes have asked a judge to stop the flow of oil while the legal battle over pipeline’s future plays out. Native American tribes opposed to the Dakota Access Pipeline once again have asked a federal judge to stop the flow of oil while the legal battle over the line’s future plays out. The Standing Rock Sioux and other …

Court reverses order to shut down Dakota Access pipeline
4 years, 7 months ago

Court reverses order to shut down Dakota Access pipeline

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — A federal appeals court on Wednesday reversed a judge’s order that shut down the Dakota Access pipeline pending a full environmental review. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit sided with pipeline owner Energy Transfer to keep the oil flowing, saying a lower-court judge “did not make the findings necessary for injunctive relief.” …

Court reverses order to shut down Dakota Access Pipeline
4 years, 7 months ago

Court reverses order to shut down Dakota Access Pipeline

Daily Mail  

A federal appeals court on Wednesday reversed a judge's prior order that had shut down the Dakota Access Pipeline pending a full environmental review. A federal appeals court on Wednesday reversed a judge's order that shut down the Dakota Access pipeline On July 6, U.S. District Judge James Boasberg ordered the pipeline closed within 30 days while the U.S. Army …

Do activists have the upper hand against US pipelines?
4 years, 8 months ago

Do activists have the upper hand against US pipelines?

Al Jazeera  

Environmental defenders celebrate big wins in their battle to keep sensitive lands free of oil and gas infrastructure. On Monday, July 13 at 19:30 GMT: Activists defending Indigenous and environmental rights in the United States are celebrating three important wins in their long-running fight to stop pipelines funnelling oil and gas through sensitive tribal lands. On July 6 a US …

Judge rejects Dakota Access pipeline request to stop closure
4 years, 8 months ago

Judge rejects Dakota Access pipeline request to stop closure

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — A federal judge rejected a request from the operator of the Dakota Access Pipeline to halt an order to shut down the oil pipeline during a lengthy environmental review. In arguing against the closure, pipeline operator Energy Transfer estimated it would take three months to empty the pipe of oil and complete steps to preserve it for …

Dakota pipeline still moving oil despite shutdown order
4 years, 8 months ago

Dakota pipeline still moving oil despite shutdown order

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — The owner of the Dakota Access Pipeline continued to fill it with North Dakota crude oil on Wednesday and said it has no immediate plans to shut down the line, despite a federal judge’s order that it be stopped within 30 days for additional environmental review. “We’re not saying we’re going to defy anything.” U.S. District Judge …

Judge rejects Dakota Access request for emergency order
4 years, 8 months ago

Judge rejects Dakota Access request for emergency order

Associated Press  

FARGO, N.D. — A federal judge on Tuesday rejected a request for an emergency order to delay the process of shutting down the Dakota Access pipeline while attorneys appeal a ruling to shutter the pipeline during the course of an environmental review. Pipeline attorneys filed the motion — along with a notice of appeal — late Monday after U.S. District …

Judge orders shutdown and emptying of controversial Dakota Access Pipeline until impact report ready
4 years, 8 months ago

Judge orders shutdown and emptying of controversial Dakota Access Pipeline until impact report ready

The Independent  

The latest headlines from our reporters across the US sent straight to your inbox each weekday Your briefing on the latest headlines from across the US Your briefing on the latest headlines from across the US SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy A district court ruled …

Judge orders Dakota Access pipeline shut down pending review
4 years, 8 months ago

Judge orders Dakota Access pipeline shut down pending review

Associated Press  

FARGO, N.D. — A judge on Monday ordered the Dakota Access pipeline shut down for additional environmental review more than three years after it began pumping oil — handing a victory to the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe and delivering a blow to President Donald Trump’s efforts to weaken public health and environmental protections his administration views as obstacles to businesses. …

Federal judge says Dakota Access oil pipeline must be shut down
4 years, 8 months ago

Federal judge says Dakota Access oil pipeline must be shut down

Daily Mail  

A federal judge sided with the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe on Monday and ordered the controversial Dakota Access pipeline shut down until more environmental review is done. A federal judge on Monday ordered the pipeline shut down while the Army Corps of Engineers conducts a thorough environmental review The pipeline was the subject of months of protests, sometimes violent, during …

In blow to Trump, judge orders Dakota Access pipeline shut down
4 years, 8 months ago

In blow to Trump, judge orders Dakota Access pipeline shut down

Al Jazeera  

A federal judge on Monday sided with the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe and ordered the Dakota Access pipeline to shut down until more environmental review is done. “Today is a historic day for the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe and the many people who have supported us in the fight against the pipeline,” said Chairman Mike Faith of the Standing Rock …

States Quietly Pass Laws Criminalizing Fossil Fuel Protests Amid Coronavirus Chaos
5 years ago

States Quietly Pass Laws Criminalizing Fossil Fuel Protests Amid Coronavirus Chaos

Huff Post  

LOADING ERROR LOADING At least three states passed laws putting new criminal penalties on protests against fossil fuel infrastructure in just the past two weeks amid the chaos of the coronavirus pandemic. Andy Beshear signed legislation that ― while removing some of the original bill’s most draconian measures on protest ― designated “natural gas or petroleum pipelines” as “key infrastructure …

Judge orders environmental review of Dakota Access pipeline
5 years ago

Judge orders environmental review of Dakota Access pipeline

Associated Press  

FARGO, N.D. — A federal judge on Wednesday ordered the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to conduct a full environmental review of the Dakota Access pipeline, nearly three years after it began carrying oil despite protests by people who gathered in North Dakota for more than a year. U.S. District Judge James Boasberg wrote that the easement approval for the …

US judge orders environmental review of Dakota Access Pipeline
5 years ago

US judge orders environmental review of Dakota Access Pipeline

Al Jazeera  

The Standing Rock Sioux tribe have long argued that oil spills from the pipeline would contaminate the Missouri River. A United States federal court on Wednesday ordered the Trump administration to conduct a full environmental review of a controversial segment of the Dakota Access Pipeline, a long-standing focal point of tribal and environmental activism. The court granted a request by …

South Dakota, ACLU settle lawsuit over ‘riot-boosting’ laws
5 years, 5 months ago

South Dakota, ACLU settle lawsuit over ‘riot-boosting’ laws

Associated Press  

— South Dakota’s governor said Thursday that the state has agreed not to enforce aspects of laws that critics say were meant to suppress expected protests against the Keystone XL pipeline, under a settlement with a group that challenged the laws as unconstitutional. Kristi Noem said in a statement that as part of the state’s settlement with the American Civil …

Judge partially blocks law aimed at oil pipeline protests
5 years, 6 months ago

Judge partially blocks law aimed at oil pipeline protests

Associated Press  

A federal judge on Wednesday temporarily blocked enforcement of some new South Dakota laws that aim to prevent disruptive demonstrations against the Keystone XL pipeline. In issuing a preliminary injunction halting several provisions of the legislation, U.S. District Judge Lawrence Piersol said the ALCU is likely to win most of its challenges to the bill “with the possible exception for …

North Dakota sues feds over pipeline protest police costs
5 years, 8 months ago

North Dakota sues feds over pipeline protest police costs

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — North Dakota sued the federal government Thursday to recover the $38 million the state spent policing protests against the Dakota Access oil pipeline. Thousands of opponents of the $3.8 billion pipeline that’s been moving North Dakota oil to Illinois for two years gathered in southern North Dakota in 2016 and early 2017, camping on federal land and …

Tribe says South Dakota governor not welcome on reservation
5 years, 10 months ago

Tribe says South Dakota governor not welcome on reservation

Associated Press  

A Native American tribe has told South Dakota’s Republican Gov. Violations can result in fines or even jail time, but Bear Runner spokesman Chase Iron Eyes said the tribe’s goal is to show its unhappiness with Noem and that “no one wants to go through the steps to actually banish a sitting governor.” “The notion of banishment has not been …

State defends South Dakota pipeline protest legislation
5 years, 11 months ago

State defends South Dakota pipeline protest legislation

Associated Press  

South Dakota’s governor and attorney general are asking a federal judge to throw out a lawsuit challenging a new law that aims to prevent disruptive demonstrations against the Keystone XL pipeline if it’s built. “Defendants deny that any objectively reasonable fear of prosecution for protected speech would arise under,” Deputy Attorney General Richard Williams said in a Tuesday filing. Texas-based …

North Dakota to sue feds over pipeline protest police costs
6 years, 1 month ago

North Dakota to sue feds over pipeline protest police costs

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — North Dakota will sue the federal government to try to recoup the $38 million it spent policing the prolonged protests against the Dakota Access oil pipeline — a tactic one expert believes has little chance of success. Thousands of opponents of the $3.8 billion pipeline that’s been moving North Dakota oil to Illinois since June 2017 gathered …

How A General-Turned-Oil Lobbyist Helped Push Through The Dakota Access Pipeline
6 years, 1 month ago

How A General-Turned-Oil Lobbyist Helped Push Through The Dakota Access Pipeline

Huff Post  

Protesters in Los Angeles demonstrate against the Dakota Access Pipeline on Sept. 13, 2016. In a July 2015 email, lamenting what he called “excess regulatory review,” Joey Mahmoud, an ETP vice president in charge of the project, tasked Crear with getting “some clarity” from the Corps as “this is spinning out of control.” “It is totally unacceptable that a former …

Dakota Access criminal cases wrapping up in North Dakota
6 years, 1 month ago

Dakota Access criminal cases wrapping up in North Dakota

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — Hundreds of state-level criminal cases stemming from the prolonged protest in North Dakota against the Dakota Access oil pipeline are mostly wrapped up, and an organization of volunteer attorneys that formed to aid protesters is shifting its focus to other potential battles, including the Keystone XL pipeline and President Donald Trump’s southern border wall. “Whenever the next …

Judge allows tribes to challenge Corps’ Dakota Access study
6 years, 2 months ago

Judge allows tribes to challenge Corps’ Dakota Access study

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — A federal judge is allowing four Native American tribes in the Dakotas to challenge the recent conclusion of federal officials that a Dakota Access oil pipeline spill wouldn’t unfairly affect them, further prolonging a court case that has lingered for more than two years. The Standing Rock, Cheyenne River, Yankton and Oglala Sioux sued in July 2016 …

Activist seeks dismissal from pipeline racketeering lawsuit
6 years, 2 months ago

Activist seeks dismissal from pipeline racketeering lawsuit

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — An American Indian and environmental activist named in a federal racketeering lawsuit says her opposition to the Dakota Access oil pipeline was constitutionally protected free speech, not an attempt to incite violence as the company alleges. Krystal Two Bulls asked a judge in a court filing last month to dismiss her from the lawsuit filed by Texas-based …

Tribes seek to challenge Corps’ Dakota Access pipeline study
6 years, 3 months ago

Tribes seek to challenge Corps’ Dakota Access pipeline study

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — Four Native American tribes that are fighting the Dakota Access oil pipeline in court are seeking to challenge the recent conclusion of federal officials that a spill would not greatly impact tribal populations. The Standing Rock, Cheyenne River, Yankton and Oglala Sioux tribes have all sought permission from U.S. District Judge James Boasberg to contest recent findings …

2 Years After Standing Rock Protests, Tensions Remain But Oil Business Booms
6 years, 4 months ago

2 Years After Standing Rock Protests, Tensions Remain But Oil Business Booms

NPR  

2 Years After Standing Rock Protests, Tensions Remain But Oil Business Booms Enlarge this image toggle caption Morton County Sheriff's Department/AP Morton County Sheriff's Department/AP Two years ago in North Dakota, after months of protest by thousands of indigenous and environmental activists, pipeline opponents celebrated when the Obama administration denied a key permit for the Dakota Access Pipeline. Pipeline opponents …

Corps: No new impacts found in Dakota Access pipeline review
6 years, 7 months ago

Corps: No new impacts found in Dakota Access pipeline review

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers on Friday completed more than a year of additional study of the Dakota Access oil pipeline, saying the work substantiated its earlier determination that the pipeline poses no significant environmental threats. U.S. District Judge James Boasberg in June 2017 ruled that the Corps “largely complied” with environmental law when permitting the …

Mandated study of Dakota Access line to miss completion goal
7 years ago

Mandated study of Dakota Access line to miss completion goal

Associated Press  

BISMARCK, N.D. — More time is needed to finish additional court-ordered environmental study of the Dakota Access oil pipeline due to difficulties in getting needed information from American Indian tribes fighting the project in court, according to federal officials. U.S. District Judge James Boasberg last summer ordered the Army Corps of Engineers to further review the pipeline’s impact on tribal …

Regulators OK environmental review for disputed oil pipeline
7 years ago

Regulators OK environmental review for disputed oil pipeline

Associated Press  

ST. PAUL, Minn. — Minnesota regulators approved the final environmental review Thursday for Enbridge Energy’s proposal to replace its aging Line 3 crude oil pipeline in northern Minnesota, setting the stage for a final decision on the disputed project in June. “You’re going to make a decision that people around the country are watching, a decision on an issue that’s …

Discover Related