Sudan facing ‘the abyss’ unless war ends as mass starvation looms, UN warns
1 month ago

Sudan facing ‘the abyss’ unless war ends as mass starvation looms, UN warns

Al Jazeera  

Rights chief Turk warns of ‘explosion into chaos’ unless action is taken to end war as famine strikes deeper. UN human rights chief Volker Turk said on Thursday that famine had taken hold in five areas across the country, including Zamzam refugee camp in North Darfur, where the UN’s World Food Programme and medical charity Doctors Without Borders were forced to suspend operations amid escalating violence earlier this week. Addressing the UN Human Rights Council, Turk said Sudan was “looking into the abyss”, warning that famine could hit five more areas in the next three months, with a further 17 considered at risk in what he described as the “world’s largest humanitarian catastrophe”. ‘Endless cycle of violence’ The war, which broke out in April 2023, has killed tens of thousands and caused what Turk called the “biggest displacement crisis in the world”, with more than 12 million people forced from their homes to camps and other locations inside and outside Sudan’s borders. “Children in Sudan are caught in an endless cycle of violence, disease and hunger, with devastating impact,” said Mohamed Abdiladif, Save the Children’s country director for Sudan.

War Rsf Turk Wfp Zamzam Sudan Facing  risk  rsf  mass  country  looms  sudan  facing  famine  turk  zamzam  warns  war  unless  rights  ends  areas  starvation  abyss

History of this topic

Sudan civil war: Paramilitary RSF killed at least 50 in past week
1 week, 3 days ago

Sudan civil war: Paramilitary RSF killed at least 50 in past week

Firstpost  

Around 70 people, including 12 volunteers, had been abducted during the past week, while forced displacement had surged across central, southern, and eastern parts of Khartoum A man walks by a house hit in recent fighting in Khartoum, Sudan, an area torn by fighting between the military and the notorious paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, on April 25, 2023. AP File …

MSF warns of ‘rapidly spreading’ outbreak as cholera kills 31 in Ethiopia
2 weeks, 1 day ago

MSF warns of ‘rapidly spreading’ outbreak as cholera kills 31 in Ethiopia

Al Jazeera  

The global medical charity says the situation has worsened with the arrival of refugees from South Sudan, where thousands are infected. At least 31 people have died from a “rapidly spreading” cholera outbreak that has sickened more than 1,500 people in Ethiopia‘s Gambella region over the past month, according to Doctors Without Borders, known by its French initials MSF. “Cholera …

UN: Sudan war is world’s worst humanitarian crisis: 30 million need aid, 16 million of them kids
2 weeks, 2 days ago

UN: Sudan war is world’s worst humanitarian crisis: 30 million need aid, 16 million of them kids

Associated Press  

UNITED NATIONS — The war in Sudan has created the world’s largest and most devastating humanitarian crisis with over 30 million people needing aid this year, 16 million of them children trying to survive in dire conditions, the head of the U.N. children’s agency said Thursday. With no end in sight to the nearly two-year conflict, Catherine Russell told the …

Nearly 100 people died of cholera in less than a month in Sudan’s White Nile State
3 weeks, 1 day ago

Nearly 100 people died of cholera in less than a month in Sudan’s White Nile State

Associated Press  

CAIRO — Nearly 100 people died of cholera in two weeks since the waterborne disease outbreak began in Sudan’s White Nile State, an international aid group said. RSF launched intense attacks last month in the White Nile State that killed hundreds of civilians, including infants. The White Nile State Health Ministry responded to the outbreak by providing the community access …

Cholera kills 58 and sickens about 1,300 others over 3 days in a Sudanese city, health officials say
1 month, 1 week ago

Cholera kills 58 and sickens about 1,300 others over 3 days in a Sudanese city, health officials say

Associated Press  

CAIRO — A cholera outbreak in a southern Sudanese city killed nearly 60 people and sickened about 1,300 others over the last three days, health authorities said Saturday. The outbreak in the southern city of Kosti was blamed mainly on contaminated drinking water after the city’s water supply facility was knocked out during an attack by a notorious paramilitary group, …

UN urges action on war-ravaged Sudan
Trending News
1 month, 1 week ago

UN urges action on war-ravaged Sudan

China Daily  

Displaced Sudanese children gather at a camp near the town of Tawila in North Darfur state on Feb 11. While launching the 2025 humanitarian and refugee response plans for Sudan on Monday, UN officials said the humanitarian response for Sudan aims to raise $4.2 billion to provide aid to 21 million people inside Sudan, while the regional refugee response plan …

Over 200 killed in three-day Sudan paramilitary assault: lawyer group
1 month, 1 week ago

Over 200 killed in three-day Sudan paramilitary assault: lawyer group

The Hindu  

Sudanese paramilitaries have killed more than 200 people including women and children in a three-day assault on villages in the country’s south, a lawyer group monitoring the war said Tuesday, February 18, 2025. The paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, locked in a nearly two-year war with the regular army, “attacked unarmed civilians in areas with no military presence” in Al-Kadaris and …

Tens of thousands go hungry in Sudan after Trump aid freeze
1 month, 2 weeks ago

Tens of thousands go hungry in Sudan after Trump aid freeze

Raw Story  

by Bahira AMIN For the first time in nearly two years of war, soup kitchens in famine-stricken Sudan are being forced to turn people away, with U.S. President Donald Trump's aid freeze gutting the life-saving schemes. "We have 40 kitchens across the country feeding between 30,000 to 35,000 people every day," another Sudanese volunteer told AFP, saying all of them …

What is Sudan virus and how worried should we be?
1 month, 2 weeks ago

What is Sudan virus and how worried should we be?

The Independent  

Sign up for our free Health Check email to receive exclusive analysis on the week in health Get our free Health Check email Get our free Health Check email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy The Ugandan government and the World Health Organization recently confirmed an …

Sudan scene of world’s worst humanitarian crisis: African Union
1 month, 2 weeks ago

Sudan scene of world’s worst humanitarian crisis: African Union

Al Jazeera  

Conflict hampering delivery of aid to a population suffering attacks and threat of famine. The civil war in Sudan has created the “worst humanitarian crisis in the world”, the African Union has warned. The war “has hampered access to humanitarian relief, led to shortage of food and aggravated hunger”, Mohamed Ibn Chambas, chairperson of the AU High Level Panel on …

UN official says Sudan paramilitary group is preventing life-saving aid from famine-hit Darfur
1 month, 2 weeks ago

UN official says Sudan paramilitary group is preventing life-saving aid from famine-hit Darfur

Associated Press  

CAIRO — Paramilitary forces at war with the military in Sudan are preventing life-saving aid from reaching many people in the famine-hit Darfur region, the United Nations’ top humanitarian official in the country said Monday. Clementine Nkweta-Salami, the U.N. resident and humanitarian coordinator in Sudan, said in a statement that the Rapid Support Forces have imposed “obstruction, undue interference and …

Climate crisis casts shadow over 51 million children
1 month, 3 weeks ago

Climate crisis casts shadow over 51 million children

China Daily  

Somalis, displaced by famine, try to rebuild their lives in camps made of tins, tarps and rags in Mogadishu, on March 9. ABUUKAR MOHAMED MUHIDIN/GETTY IMAGES The lives of 51 million children in eastern and southern Africa are at risk, with their futures often hanging by a thread, due to the ongoing challenges of unpredictable and unprecedented extreme weather patterns, …

At least 80 killed in southern Sudan violence, says UN
1 month, 3 weeks ago

At least 80 killed in southern Sudan violence, says UN

New Indian Express  

PORT SUDAN: The United Nations warned on Thursday that two southern Sudan states were "on the brink of catastrophe" after a recent eruption of violence reportedly killed at least 80 people in one city. Renewed fighting broke out last week in the states of South Kordofan and Blue Nile between the army and a faction of the Sudan People's Liberation …

UN says 3 million Sudan children facing acute malnutrition
2 months, 2 weeks ago

UN says 3 million Sudan children facing acute malnutrition

Deccan Chronicle  

Port Sudan: An estimated 3.2 million children under the age of five are expected to face acute malnutrition this year in war-torn Sudan, according to the United Nations Children's Fund. "Of this number, around 772,000 children are expected to suffer from severe acute malnutrition," Eva Hinds, UNICEF Sudan's Head of Advocacy and Communication, told AFP late on Thursday. Sudan has …

United Nations says more than 3 million Sudan children facing acute malnutrition
2 months, 2 weeks ago

United Nations says more than 3 million Sudan children facing acute malnutrition

The Hindu  

An estimated 3.2 million children under the age of five are expected to face acute malnutrition this year in war-torn Sudan, according to the United Nations Children’s Fund. “Of this number, around 7,72,000 children are expected to suffer from severe acute malnutrition,” Eva Hinds, UNICEF Sudan’s Head of Advocacy and Communication, said late on Thursday. Sudan has endured 20 months …

Genocide is declared once more in Sudan. How did the country get here?
2 months, 2 weeks ago

Genocide is declared once more in Sudan. How did the country get here?

CNN  

CNN — This week, the United States accused the RSF militia in Sudan’s brutal civil conflict of committing genocide. US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said Tuesday that Hemedti’s RSF and its allied Arab militias had perpetrated “direct attacks against civilians” including the systematic murder of “men and boys – even infants – on an ethnic basis.” They also “deliberately …

Sudan’s war is ‘deepening and widening’ a famine crisis, hunger monitoring report says
3 months ago

Sudan’s war is ‘deepening and widening’ a famine crisis, hunger monitoring report says

Associated Press  

CAIRO — Famine is spreading in Sudan due to a war between the military and a notorious paramilitary group that has devastated the country and created the world’s largest displacement crisis, a global hunger monitoring group said Tuesday. The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification, or IPC, said it detected famine in five areas, including in Sudan’s largest displacement camp, Zamzam, …

Cholera outbreak in South Sudan ‘rapidly escalating’, aid group warns
3 months, 3 weeks ago

Cholera outbreak in South Sudan ‘rapidly escalating’, aid group warns

Al Jazeera  

Doctors Without Borders says fears growing that outbreak will spread from Upper Nile state to surrounding areas. An outbreak of cholera in South Sudan is “rapidly escalating”, a humanitarian group has warned, more than a month after the first suspected case was detected. Doctors Without Borders, known by its French acronym MSF, said on Friday that a total of 737 …

Sudan war death toll much higher than previously recorded, new study finds
4 months, 2 weeks ago

Sudan war death toll much higher than previously recorded, new study finds

Al Jazeera  

Researchers estimate 60,000 deaths in Khartoum state in war’s first 14 months, far higher than other assessments. The number of people dying due to the war in Sudan is likely far higher than previous estimates, according to a new study. ‘New phase of brutality’ Sudan’s war broke out in April 2023 amid a power struggle between Sudan’s army and the …

Devastating floods in South Sudan displace 379,000, affecting 1.4 million
4 months, 2 weeks ago

Devastating floods in South Sudan displace 379,000, affecting 1.4 million

Firstpost  

Since its independence in 2011, South Sudan has faced instability, violence, and economic stagnation, compounded by frequent climate-related disasters. File Image- AP Devastating floods in South Sudan are impacting approximately 1.4 million people, with over 379,000 displaced, according to a recent United Nations update, which also warned of a significant increase in malaria cases. Since gaining independence from Sudan in …

Nearly 380,000 people displaced by South Sudan floods, UN says
4 months, 2 weeks ago

Nearly 380,000 people displaced by South Sudan floods, UN says

Al Jazeera  

A surge in malaria is reported in several states and is overwhelming the health system, according to a UN agency. Flooding in South Sudan has displaced more than 379,000 people, according to a United Nations update that warned about a surge in malaria. The floods have affected about 1.4 million people, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs …

Sudan War: A Living Nightmare for Millions
5 months ago

Sudan War: A Living Nightmare for Millions

Al Jazeera  

The war in Sudan has displaced over 14 million people and is creating a world's largest displacement crisis this year. The civil conflict has created a living nightmare for millions, with hunger, disease and sexual violence rampant. The UN's International Organization for Migration (IOM) Director-General Amy Pope described the situation in the war-torn African country as 'catastrophic'. The war has …

Sudanese Hospital Continues Vital Work Despite War Around It : State of the World from NPR : NPR
5 months, 2 weeks ago

Sudanese Hospital Continues Vital Work Despite War Around It : State of the World from NPR : NPR

NPR  

Sudanese Hospital Continues Vital Work Despite War Around It : State of the World from NPR Sudan's war has displaced more than 12 million people and half the country faces starvations. The country's medical services have collapsed leaving a patchwork of charities, local groups and the Sudanese diaspora to try to provide what health care they can. State of the …

Sudan Grapples with a Health Crisis: Rising Cholera and Dengue Cases
5 months, 2 weeks ago

Sudan Grapples with a Health Crisis: Rising Cholera and Dengue Cases

China Daily  

Cholera and dengue cases continue to rise in Sudan, with the number of cases reaching 21,806 and 1,329, respectively. The outbreak has affected 11 states, with Kassala State registering the highest number of cases. The health authorities have launched a campaign to combat the disease, but international and regional organizations and local authorities need to take immediate action to address …

Fast-rising cholera cases across war-torn Sudan alarm the U.N.
5 months, 3 weeks ago

Fast-rising cholera cases across war-torn Sudan alarm the U.N.

LA Times  

People line up in front of a bakery during a cease-fire in Khartoum, Sudan, in May 2023. Cholera cases in war-torn Sudan increased by nearly 40% in less than two weeks, according to the latest figures, alarming the U.N. health officials, who long warned about the outbreak and the lack of proper response since it was reported in July. Sudan’s …

Sudan military offensive sparks new fighting in Khartoum as cholera outbreak worsens
6 months ago

Sudan military offensive sparks new fighting in Khartoum as cholera outbreak worsens

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy New fighting rocked Sudan's capital …

Cholera is spreading in Sudan as fighting between rival generals shows no sign of abating
6 months ago

Cholera is spreading in Sudan as fighting between rival generals shows no sign of abating

New Indian Express  

CAIRO: Cholera is spreading in war-torn Sudan, killing at least 388 people and sickening about 13,000 others over the past two months on Monday, health authorities said, as more than 17 months of fighting between the military and a notorious paramilitary group shows no sign of abating. Artillery shelling hit an open market Monday in Omdurman, the sister city of …

Relentless fighting is devastating Sudan and escalating in Darfur's capital, UN says
6 months, 1 week ago

Relentless fighting is devastating Sudan and escalating in Darfur's capital, UN says

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Acting humanitarian chief Joyce Msuya told the U.N. Security …

UN warns some 2.5 million Sudanese risk famine without more donations
6 months, 2 weeks ago

UN warns some 2.5 million Sudanese risk famine without more donations

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Please try again later {{ …

Thousands of children in Sudan at risk of cholera
6 months, 3 weeks ago

Thousands of children in Sudan at risk of cholera

China Daily  

Thousands of children in eastern Sudan are at risk of cholera following a major outbreak that hit the country in August, caused by widespread flooding and contaminated water amid a decimated health system due to the ongoing conflict in the country. The organization's teams are reporting a huge spike in cholera cases among children under five in El Damer in …

Sudan’s floods worsen humanitarian crisis amid ongoing conflict
7 months ago

Sudan’s floods worsen humanitarian crisis amid ongoing conflict

Firstpost  

Floodwaters from heavy rains that started surging in earlier this month have brought devastation across a country already shattered by 500 days of fierce fighting between the army and paramilitary Rapid Support Forces. File- AFP Since floods swept away their home in eastern Sudan, Ahmed Hadab and his family have survived by drinking water mixed in with milk from his …

UN and US say food is on its way to a famine-stricken camp in Sudan
7 months ago

UN and US say food is on its way to a famine-stricken camp in Sudan

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Please try again later {{ …

Cholera outbreak in Sudan has killed at least 22 people, says Health Minister
7 months, 1 week ago

Cholera outbreak in Sudan has killed at least 22 people, says Health Minister

The Hindu  

Sudan has been stricken by a cholera outbreak that has killed nearly two dozen people and sickened hundreds more in recent weeks, health authorities said Sunday. Health Minister Haitham Mohamed Ibrahim said in a statement that at least 22 people have died from the disease, and that at least 354 confirmed cases of cholera have been detected across the county …

Cholera outbreak in Sudan has killed at least 22 people, health minister says
7 months, 1 week ago

Cholera outbreak in Sudan has killed at least 22 people, health minister says

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Please try again later {{ …

Cholera outbreak in Sudan killed at least 22 people, health minister says
7 months, 1 week ago

Cholera outbreak in Sudan killed at least 22 people, health minister says

Al Jazeera  

Sudan has been stricken by a cholera outbreak that has killed nearly two dozen people and sickened hundreds more in recent weeks, health authorities said. Health Minister Haitham Mohamed Ibrahim said in a statement on Sunday that at least 22 people have died from the disease, and that at least 354 confirmed cases of cholera have been detected across the …

Sudan health minister declares cholera epidemic
7 months, 1 week ago

Sudan health minister declares cholera epidemic

Hindustan Times  

Sudan's health minister on Saturday declared a cholera epidemic after weeks of heavy rain in the war-torn country, in a video released by his ministry. Sudan health minister declares cholera epidemic "We are declaring a cholera epidemic because of the weather conditions and because drinking water has been contaminated," Haitham Ibrahim said in the video. He said the decision was …

WHO reports 300 cholera deaths in Sudan, warns dengue and meningitis rising
7 months, 1 week ago

WHO reports 300 cholera deaths in Sudan, warns dengue and meningitis rising

Al Jazeera  

More than 25 million people across the country face acute hunger as well as outbreaks of disease due to civil war. The humanitarian crisis caused by the civil war in Sudan has exacerbated infections, including cholera, which has killed more than 300 people, a World Health Organization official says. Due to the mass displacement, more than 25 million people across …

Away from global attention, Sudan is starving
8 months, 3 weeks ago

Away from global attention, Sudan is starving

Al Jazeera  

We need to take urgent action to prevent what could be the largest hunger crisis of our times. Yet, despite the imminent threat of an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe, the international community, and especially the Western world, shows little interest in Sudan and its protracted conflict. However, when the international community looks away, moves on from, or “forgets” a crisis or …

Over half of Sudanese face 'acute food insecurity': U.N.-backed report
9 months ago

Over half of Sudanese face 'acute food insecurity': U.N.-backed report

The Hindu  

More than half of Sudan's population is facing high levels of "acute food insecurity", a situation exacerbated by the country's devastating war, said a report cited by the United Nations on June 27. "Fourteen months into the conflict, Sudan is facing the worst levels of acute food insecurity" that the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification, or IPC, has recorded, the …

Experts warn that 755,000 people at risk of famine in the coming months in war-torn Sudan
9 months ago

Experts warn that 755,000 people at risk of famine in the coming months in war-torn Sudan

Associated Press  

CAIRO — International experts portrayed a grim picture for war-torn Sudan in a report Thursday warning that 755,000 people are facing famine in the coming months, amid relentless clashes between rival generals. The report said that 8.5 million people are facing extreme food shortages after 14 months of conflict in Sudan and that hunger has spread to the capital Khartoum …

Over 750,000 people in Sudan at risk of starvation: Global hunger monitor
9 months ago

Over 750,000 people in Sudan at risk of starvation: Global hunger monitor

Al Jazeera  

United Nations’ hunger monitoring system says there’s a risk of famine in 14 areas of Sudan if the conflict escalates. There is a risk of famine in 14 areas across Sudan if the conflict between military factions escalates, a global hunger monitor has said, noting that it faces “the worst levels of acute food insecurity” ever recorded in the country. …

Sudan continues to spiral into chaos: UN agency
9 months ago

Sudan continues to spiral into chaos: UN agency

China Daily  

A handout photograph, shot in Jan 2024, shows women and babies at the Zamzam displacement camp, close to Al Fasher in North Darfur, Sudan. KHARTOUM - The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs on Monday said Sudan continues to spiral into chaos, with the humanitarian crisis worsening. "The lives of 800,000 people -- of women, children, men, the …

Nine Million People Have Fled. Up to 150,000 Are Dead. No One Is Talking About It.
9 months, 1 week ago

Nine Million People Have Fled. Up to 150,000 Are Dead. No One Is Talking About It.

Slate  

In Sudan, a long-building crisis has turned a political dispute between two military generals into a humanitarian catastrophe of unimaginable scale. So while their primary concern might be to support their relatives within Sudan, or to help them leave Sudan, they’re Now, after a year of war, what’s happened is the Sudanese people who have been funding kitchens have begun …

More than 10 million displaced in war-torn Sudan, IOM says
9 months, 2 weeks ago

More than 10 million displaced in war-torn Sudan, IOM says

Al Jazeera  

UN migration agency says 7.26 million people have fled their homes since war broke out in April 2023, while 2.83 million were already displaced by previous wars. More than 10 million people have been displaced within war-torn Sudan, according to the latest figures released by the International Organization for Migration. Since the war broke out in April 2023 between the …

The Take: As famine looms in Sudan, the people fill gap left by the world
9 months, 3 weeks ago

The Take: As famine looms in Sudan, the people fill gap left by the world

Al Jazeera  

Famine is looming in Sudan more than a year after the war started. With limited aid, Sudanese try to fill the gap. In Sudan, if nothing changes, it is projected that 2.5 million people could die by September. In this episode: Hiba Morgan, Al Jazeera Correspondent Mohanad El Balal, Founder, Khartoum Kitchen Episode credits: This episode was produced by Ashish …

Sudan’s people are trapped in `inferno of brutal violence’ as famine and fighting close in, UN says
10 months, 1 week ago

Sudan’s people are trapped in `inferno of brutal violence’ as famine and fighting close in, UN says

Associated Press  

UNITED NATIONS — The Sudanese people “are trapped in an inferno of brutal violence” with famine, disease and fighting closing in and no end in sight, the top U.N. humanitarian official in the war-ravaged country said Wednesday. Clementine Nkweta-Salami told a U.N. press conference that “horrific atrocities are being committed with reckless abandon, reports of rape, torture and ethnically motivated …

People eating ‘grass and peanut shells’ in Darfur, UN says, as hunger crisis engulfs war-ravaged Sudan
10 months, 3 weeks ago

People eating ‘grass and peanut shells’ in Darfur, UN says, as hunger crisis engulfs war-ravaged Sudan

CNN  

CNN — Time is running out to prevent starvation in Darfur, in western Sudan, a UN agency has warned, as escalating violence devastates the African nation. “If assistance doesn’t reach them soon, we risk witnessing widespread starvation and death in Darfur and across other conflict-affected areas in Sudan,” Michael Dunford added. In the city and its surrounding localities, there have …

Over 7 million people in South Sudan likely to face acute food insecurity between now, July, UN says
10 months, 4 weeks ago

Over 7 million people in South Sudan likely to face acute food insecurity between now, July, UN says

Associated Press  

UNITED NATIONS — Over 7 million people in South Sudan are expected to face acute food insecurity or worse during “the lean season” between now and July, the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organizations said in a report Tuesday. The FAO said the highest prevalence of acute hunger, ranging between 65% and 75% of the population, is reported in northern Unity, …

Aid groups call attention to Sudan with famine looming after a year of civil war
11 months, 2 weeks ago

Aid groups call attention to Sudan with famine looming after a year of civil war

The Hindu  

On a clear night a year ago, a dozen heavily armed fighters broke into Omaima Farouq’s house in an upscale neighbourhood in the Sudanese capital of Khartoum. Sudan has been torn by war for a year now, ever since simmering tensions between its military and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces exploded into street clashes in the capital in mid-April 2023. …

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