
Heat waves and droughts occured much more frequently over the past three years in India, says study
India TodayResearchers from Indian Institute of Science have found that frequency of heat waves accompanied by drought has increased in magnitude and in area over the past three decades in India. Highlights of the story: It was found that percentage increase in frequency of heat waves along with drought were most significant in parts of Maharashtra and Southern Gujarat, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh which may be due to intricate relationship of land surface processes, soil moisture, transpiration and local climate Researchers of the study calculated the Heat wave Magnitude Index daily which combines duration and magnitude of heat waves, and the Standardized Precipitation Index, which defines meteorological drought from 1951 to 1981. Nearly 18 per cent of country's area on average has been facing at least three days of temperatures above 85th percentile The next step would be to factor in soil moisture along with the data to develop models that could predict where the extreme events could occur Impact of drought in India: Physical Impact : Affects the recharge of soil moisture, surface runoff and ground water table. Employment levels in agricultural sector falls as well Ill health and spread of diseases like diarrhea, dysentery, cholera and opthalmia caused by malnutrition, hunger and starvation Migration of people from drought hit areas to other areas in search of livelihood and food Rise in inflation rate and fall in purchasing power The greatest impact of droughts are seen on the weaker sections of society.
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