How Does China See India – and Does It Matter for Their Relations?
The DiplomatSecurity relations are undoubtedly not only about the hard military core – understanding technology certainly comes first, but behind every machine there is a human. The past three years offered us a number of Indian books on the subject, some of which I summarized in a December 2021 text available on The Diplomat’s website: “No Dragons in the Title Please.” A new entrant on the list, and a book that promised to address the subject of perceptions in its very title, is Shyam Saran’s “How China Sees India and the World”. Ananth Krishnan’s “India’s China Challenge” offers an interesting group of case studies on what we could consider India’s soft power in China – examples of contemporary Chinese individuals interested in certain aspects of Indian culture. “In China, the notion of itself as a ‘middle kingdom’ – civilization centre – came later as China began to see itself as a culturally advanced centre In India, the idea of centrality did not take hold, perhaps because of patent plurality and its constant and sustained encounters with different people.” Does the author suggest here that China had less sustained encounters with different people than India? Then, commenting on Chinese naval expeditions during the Ming dynasty, Saran concludes that “rade and politics went together and both reinforced China’s sense of centrality in what is today called the Indo-Pacific.” The main point is same – that China felt, and probably still feels, superior – but when it comes to reasons of this attitude is the second quote not a completely reverse conclusion to what was claimed earlier about Chinese isolation being the reason of hegemonic tendencies?