EU tech rules should curb cloud computing providers
3 years, 5 months ago

EU tech rules should curb cloud computing providers

The Hindu  

Draft EU rules to curb the power of Amazon, Apple, Alphabet unit Google and Facebook should also tackle cloud computing services providers over potential anti-competitive practices, a study said on Tuesday. The report coincides with concerns that some EU lawmakers who are reviewing the Digital Markets Act proposed by EU antitrust chief Margrethe Vestager may be lenient towards cloud computing companies. Amazon's Amazon Web Services was the leading provider in the second quarter of this year, followed by Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud, market research company Statista found. Jenny said the study interviewed some 25 companies that use cloud computing services, a number of which cited issues such as unfair licence terms that force customers to pay again to use software they already own when they move to a competitor.

Google Cloud Jenny Dma  rules  dma  eu  curb  google  services  tech  infrastructure  cloud  study  amazon  providers  computing

History of this topic

EU to fine Apple, Meta under landmark tech law this week amid rising US-EU trade tensions
1 day, 16 hours ago

EU to fine Apple, Meta under landmark tech law this week amid rising US-EU trade tensions

Firstpost  

The timing of the fines is politically charged. Last month, US President Donald Trump signalled a hardening stance towards the regulation, describing it in a memo as a potential trade barrier and warning that it could trigger reciprocal tariffs on European goods The European Commission is expected to fine Apple and Meta this week for breaching the EU’s sweeping digital …

Trump’s Aggression Sours Europe on US Cloud Giants
1 week, 1 day ago

Trump’s Aggression Sours Europe on US Cloud Giants

Wired  

The global backlash against the second Donald Trump administration keeps on growing. Canadians have boycotted US-made products, anti–Elon Musk posters have appeared across London amid widespread Tesla protests, and European officials have drastically increased military spending as US support for Ukraine falters. “There’s a huge appetite in Europe to de-risk or decouple the over-dependence on US tech companies, because there …

EU accuses Apple, Google of unfairly blocking out smaller competitors amid tension over Trump moves
1 week, 5 days ago

EU accuses Apple, Google of unfairly blocking out smaller competitors amid tension over Trump moves

Firstpost  

In a ruling on Wednesday, the EU’s executive body said the companies could be in breach of the Digital Markets Act, a landmark law aimed at curbing the dominance of the biggest online platforms The European Commission has issued a stark warning to Apple and Google, telling the two US tech giants that they must bring their products in line …

EU orders Apple to open iPhone ecosystem, Apple says decision is bad for its products and users
1 week, 6 days ago

EU orders Apple to open iPhone ecosystem, Apple says decision is bad for its products and users

India Today  

Apple has been formally ordered by the European Commission to open up its tightly controlled ecosystem to rival device makers and app developers, as part of its compliance with the bloc’s new Digital Markets Act. “With these decisions, we are simply implementing the law and providing regulatory certainty both to Apple and to developers,” said the EU’s antitrust chief Teresa …

European Union lays out how Apple must open its tech up to competitors under bloc’s digital rules
1 week, 6 days ago

European Union lays out how Apple must open its tech up to competitors under bloc’s digital rules

Associated Press  

LONDON — The European Union on Wednesday outlined the steps that Apple must take to open up its iPhone and iPad operating systems to work better with competing technologies. Brussels also opened two “ specification proceedings ” in September to spell out what Apple needs to do under the DMA, which aims to make digital markets “fairer” and “more contestable” …

‘May target American companies’: US demands EU antitrust chief to clarify rules on Big Tech
1 month, 1 week ago

‘May target American companies’: US demands EU antitrust chief to clarify rules on Big Tech

Hindustan Times  

US House Judiciary Chair Jim Jordan demanded EU antitrust chief Teresa Ribera to clarify as to how she enforces the European Union's rules on Big Tech, stating that these rules appear to target only US-based companies. This comes two days after US President Donald Trump signed a memorandum with a warning that his administration would scrutinise the EU's Digital Markets …

Google to be hit with EU charges of breaching Big Tech rules
1 month, 1 week ago

Google to be hit with EU charges of breaching Big Tech rules

The Hindu  

Alphabet unit Google is set to be charged with breaching EU rules aimed at checking the power of Big Tech after proposed changes to its search results failed to address the EU antitrust regulator's concerns and those of its rivals, three people with direct knowledge of the matter said. One probe focuses on whether Google favours its vertical search engines …

EU ditches plans to regulate tech patents, AI liability, online privacy
1 month, 2 weeks ago

EU ditches plans to regulate tech patents, AI liability, online privacy

The Hindu  

The European Commission on Wednesday scrapped draft rules regulating technology patents, AI and consumer privacy on messaging apps, saying it did not expect them to receive the green light from EU lawmakers and countries. The EU executive said in its 2025 work programme it saw no foreseeable agreement, and would assess whether another proposal should be tabled. "We should not …

Apple, Google mobile ecosystems face UK probe under new tech rules
2 months, 1 week ago

Apple, Google mobile ecosystems face UK probe under new tech rules

Live Mint  

The U.K.’s Competition and Markets Authority is investigating mobile ecosystems controlled by Apple and Alphabet’s Google to work out if they need to obey a strict new law governing digital competition. The CMA said Thursday the probes will assess the companies’ dominance in spaces like mobile phone operating systems, app stores and web browsers and explore their impact on smartphone …

EU reassessing fines against Google, Apple and other US tech firms because of Trump 2.0
2 months, 2 weeks ago

EU reassessing fines against Google, Apple and other US tech firms because of Trump 2.0

Firstpost  

The EU has led the way in regulating Big Tech, but the delay in these rulings highlights how much of the process is shaped by politics. Some of the key players who went after Big Tech, are nearing the end of their terms, with some seeking re-election As the US prepares for potential political changes, Big Tech companies are positioning …

Apple complains Meta requests risk privacy in spat over EU efforts to widen access to iPhone tech
3 months, 1 week ago

Apple complains Meta requests risk privacy in spat over EU efforts to widen access to iPhone tech

Associated Press  

LONDON — Apple complained that requests from Meta Platforms for access to its operating software threaten user privacy, in a spat fueled by the European Union’s intensifying efforts to get the iPhone maker to open up to products from tech rivals. In response, Apple said it’s “concerned that some companies — with data practices that do not meet the high …

EU asks Apple to make more changes to the way iOS works
3 months, 2 weeks ago

EU asks Apple to make more changes to the way iOS works

India Today  

Apple has already made big changes to how iOS works in Europe due to the Digital Markets Act. The EU is asking Apple to make iOS work better with other platforms and to share features and technologies that are currently exclusive to Apple. The document also mentions that features like AirPlay and AirDrop should be open to devices that aren’t …

European Union moves to compel Apple to open up operating system to rival tech
6 months, 1 week ago

European Union moves to compel Apple to open up operating system to rival tech

Associated Press  

LONDON — The European Union said Thursday it will outline steps to compel Apple to open up its iPhone and iPad operating systems to competing technologies under the bloc’s tough new digital rulebook, which threatens hefty fines for breaches. The EU’s executive branch, the European Commission, said it has opened two “specification proceedings” that will spell out what Apple needs …

Google and Apple lose their court fights against the EU and owe billions in fines and taxes
6 months, 3 weeks ago

Google and Apple lose their court fights against the EU and owe billions in fines and taxes

LA Times  

In this photo from 2007, exhibitors work on laptop computers in front of an illuminated sign of the Google logo at the industrial fair Hannover Messe in Hanover, Germany. Google lost its last bid to overturn a European Union antitrust penalty after the bloc’s top court ruled against it Tuesday in a case that came with a whopping fine and …

Competition watchdog closes Apple and Google probes ahead of rules shake-up
7 months, 1 week ago

Competition watchdog closes Apple and Google probes ahead of rules shake-up

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy The UK’s competition watchdog has …

European Union court says TikTok owner can’t avoid bloc’s law cracking down on digital giants
8 months, 2 weeks ago

European Union court says TikTok owner can’t avoid bloc’s law cracking down on digital giants

Associated Press  

LONDON — TikTok owner ByteDance can’t avoid the bloc’s crackdown on digital giants, a European Union court said Wednesday in a decision that found the video sharing platform falls under a new law that also covers Apple, Google and Microsoft. The EU’s General Court rejected ByteDance’s legal challenge against being classed as an online “gatekeeper” that has to comply with …

Apple faces £30bn fine over its app store policies after Brussels found the tech giant unfairly blocked developers from steering consumers to alternative payment methods
9 months, 1 week ago

Apple faces £30bn fine over its app store policies after Brussels found the tech giant unfairly blocked developers from steering consumers to alternative payment methods

Daily Mail  

Apple could be hit with a fine of £30billion after European regulators issued a warning over its App Store policies. The tech giant has been found to have unfairly blocked smaller companies from competing and allowing consumers to find cheaper and alternative apps. The European Commission said its initial findings suggest Apple is in breach of the bloc's Digital Markets …

Apple Risks More App Store Fines as EU Antitrust Rift Widens
9 months, 1 week ago

Apple Risks More App Store Fines as EU Antitrust Rift Widens

Live Mint  

-- Apple Inc. risks billions of euros of new fines over its App Store rules as European Union antitrust regulators escalated a growing conflict over rules that strike at the heart of the iPhone maker’s business model. At the same time, the commission said that it had opened a fresh investigation into Apple’s new App Store fees for developers in …

Apple becomes first target of EU’s new digital competition rules aimed at big tech
9 months, 1 week ago

Apple becomes first target of EU’s new digital competition rules aimed at big tech

Associated Press  

LONDON — European Union regulators on Monday leveled their first charges under the bloc’s new digital competition rulebook, accusing Apple of preventing app makers from pointing users to cheaper options outside its App Store. The European Commission said that according to the preliminary findings of its investigation, the restrictions that the iPhone maker imposes on developers using its mobile App …

Apple may get fined 10% of worldwide turnover under EU’s Digital Markets Act over many ‘serious issues’
9 months, 1 week ago

Apple may get fined 10% of worldwide turnover under EU’s Digital Markets Act over many ‘serious issues’

Firstpost  

Under the DMA, tech giants like Apple have been classified as ‘gatekeepers’ and must comply with specific rules. These include allowing users to install third-party apps and app stores, uninstall pre-installed apps, adjust default settings, and opt out of targeted advertising If found in violation of DMA regulations regarding its App Store practices, Apple could face fines amounting to 10 …

Is the Draft Digital Competition Bill too restrictive?
10 months ago

Is the Draft Digital Competition Bill too restrictive?

The Hindu  

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has put out a draft Digital Competition Bill to regulate anti-competitive practices in the digital space. The Bill has provisions for identifying Systemically Significant Digital Enterprises – basically large digital platforms. While the Bill seems well-intentioned, various stakeholders have expressed concerns that it is far too invasive and could stifle innovation, undermine the interests of …

Why Are Big Tech Companies Jittery About Digital Competition Bill? How Different It Is From The EU Law
10 months, 2 weeks ago

Why Are Big Tech Companies Jittery About Digital Competition Bill? How Different It Is From The EU Law

News 18  

Big tech companies, including Google, Facebook, Microsoft and Amazon will come under scrutiny as the Digital Competition Bill takes shape, which would stop them from self-preferencing their own services. The draft law, called the Digital Competition Bill, 2024, has provisions to set presumptive norms to curb anti-competitive practices before they actually take place, and promises to impose heavy penalties for …

EU designates iPadOS as a ‘Gatekeeper’: Know-why?
11 months ago

EU designates iPadOS as a ‘Gatekeeper’: Know-why?

India TV News  

EU designates iPadOS as a ‘Gatekeeper’: Know-why? The European Commission has reportedly designated Apple's iPadOS, as the operating system for its tablets, as a ‘gatekeeper’ under the European Union's Digital Markets Act. It was reported that the Commission launched a market investigation to determine if iPadOS serves as an important gateway for business users to reach end users, warranting its …

EU opens competition investigations into Apple, Google and Meta
1 year ago

EU opens competition investigations into Apple, Google and Meta

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Apple, Google parent firm Alphabet, and Meta – the …

EU opens probe into Apple, Google and Meta aiming to reign in Big Tech: What's happening
1 year ago

EU opens probe into Apple, Google and Meta aiming to reign in Big Tech: What's happening

Hindustan Times  

EU antitrust regulators opened their first investigations under the Digital Markets Act into Apple, Alphabet's Google and Meta Platforms claiming potential breaches of landmark EU tech rules. The EU executive said in a statement as per news agency Reuters, “The Commission suspects that the measures put in place by these gatekeepers fall short of effective compliance of their obligations under …

Apple, Google, Meta targeted under new European law meant to prevent cornering of digital markets
1 year ago

Apple, Google, Meta targeted under new European law meant to prevent cornering of digital markets

Associated Press  

LONDON — European Union regulators opened investigations into Apple, Google and Meta on Monday, the first cases under a sweeping new law designed to stop Big Tech companies from cornering digital markets. The European Commission, the 27-nation bloc’s executive arm, said it was investigating the companies for “non-compliance” with the Digital Markets Act. The Digital Markets Act that took full …

Apple, Google, Meta targeted under new European law to prevent cornering of digital markets
1 year ago

Apple, Google, Meta targeted under new European law to prevent cornering of digital markets

LA Times  

Margrethe Vestager, European commissioner for Europe Fit for the Digital Age, speaks during a media conference regarding the Digital Markets Act at EU headquarters in Brussels on Monday. European Union regulators opened investigations into Apple, Google and Meta on Monday, the first cases under a sweeping new law designed to stop Big Tech companies from cornering digital markets. The European …

Apple Comments About Its Focus On EU's Digital Markets Act Amid Criticism
1 year ago

Apple Comments About Its Focus On EU's Digital Markets Act Amid Criticism

News 18  

BRUSSELS: Apple on Monday fended off criticism that it has not done enough to open up its closed eco-system as required under the European Union's Digital Markets Act, saying it has complied with the landmark legislation. The DMA sets out a list of obligations and prohibitions for Apple, Alphabet's Google, Amazon, TikTok owner ByteDance, Meta Platforms and Microsoft which the …

Europe's Digital Markets Act is forcing tech giants to make changes; Here's what that will look like
1 year ago

Europe's Digital Markets Act is forcing tech giants to make changes; Here's what that will look like

The Hindu  

Europeans scrolling their phones and computers this week will get new choices for default browsers and search engines, where to download iPhone apps and how their personal online data is used. They’re a part of changes required under the Digital Markets Act, a set of European Union regulations that six tech companies classed as “gatekeepers” — Amazon, Apple, Google parent …

Europe’s Digital Markets Act is forcing tech giants to make changes. Here’s what that will look like
1 year ago

Europe’s Digital Markets Act is forcing tech giants to make changes. Here’s what that will look like

Associated Press  

LONDON — Europeans scrolling their phones and computers this week will get new choices for default browsers and search engines, where to download iPhone apps and how their personal online data is used. They’re part of changes required under the Digital Markets Act, a set of European Union regulations that six tech companies classed as “gatekeepers” — Amazon, Apple, Google …

Europe's Digital Markets Act is forcing tech giants to make changes. Here's what that will look like
1 year ago

Europe's Digital Markets Act is forcing tech giants to make changes. Here's what that will look like

The Independent  

The latest headlines from our reporters across the US sent straight to your inbox each weekday Your briefing on the latest headlines from across the US Your briefing on the latest headlines from across the US SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. They're part of changes required under the Digital …

EU warns Apple of consequences if App Store changes fall short of regulations
1 year, 2 months ago

EU warns Apple of consequences if App Store changes fall short of regulations

Live Mint  

Apple is set to face stringent consequences if its modifications to the App Store fail to align with the upcoming regulations introduced by the European Union, warned the bloc's industry chief on Friday. In an effort to comply with the EU's impending Digital Markets Act, Apple has announced that it will permit software developers to distribute their applications on Apple …

Should new tech rules apply to Microsoft's Bing, Apple's iMessage, EU asks
1 year, 5 months ago

Should new tech rules apply to Microsoft's Bing, Apple's iMessage, EU asks

The Hindu  

EU antitrust regulators are asking Microsoft's users and rivals whether Bing should comply with new tough tech rules and also whether that should be the case for Apple's iMessage, people familiar with the matter said on Monday. The European Commission in September opened investigations to assess whether Microsoft's Bing, Edge and Microsoft Advertising as well as Apple's iMessage should be …

EU targets Apple, Amazon, Alphabet, ByteDance, Meta, Microsoft in next phase of digital crackdown
1 year, 6 months ago

EU targets Apple, Amazon, Alphabet, ByteDance, Meta, Microsoft in next phase of digital crackdown

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy The European Union is targeting …

Big Tech's core businesses face overhaul under EU tech rules
1 year, 6 months ago

Big Tech's core businesses face overhaul under EU tech rules

The Hindu  

The EU Commission on Wednesday designated 22 services of six major tech companies as "gatekeepers" of online services providing messaging to video sharing in its latest crackdown on Big Tech. Under the DMA, which came into force in November, companies with more than 45 million monthly active users and a market capitalisation of 75 billion euros are considered gatekeepers providing …

EU targets Apple, Amazon, Meta and other Big Tech in next phase of digital crackdown
1 year, 6 months ago

EU targets Apple, Amazon, Meta and other Big Tech in next phase of digital crackdown

Associated Press  

LONDON — Six Big Tech companies including Amazon, Apple and Microsoft faced fresh pressure Wednesday from the European Union, which moved to counter their digital dominance with far-reaching rules aimed at giving users more choices and making competition fairer. Google parent Alphabet, Facebook owner Meta and TikTok parent ByteDance also were classified as online “gatekeepers” subject to the strictest requirements …

These are the six Big Tech companies the EU will target with its digital crackdown
1 year, 6 months ago

These are the six Big Tech companies the EU will target with its digital crackdown

LA Times  

In updating its digital rulebook, the European Union aims to give users more choices and make competition fairer. Google parent Alphabet, Facebook owner Meta and TikTok parent ByteDance also were classified as online “gatekeepers” subject to the strictest requirements of the 27-nation EU’s Digital Markets Act, which amounts to a list of do’s and don’ts seeking to prevent tech giants …

EU's Digital Services Act referential milestone
1 year, 7 months ago

EU's Digital Services Act referential milestone

China Daily  

This combination of pictures created on April 25, 2023 shows logos of online platforms, applications, social networks and technology and IT companies of Google, Amazon, Microsoft, Wikipedia, Pinterest, AliExpress, Facebook, Meta, Apple app store, Snapchat, Linkedin, Youtube, Instagram, Twitter, Tik Tok and fashion retailer Zalando. The EU Digital Services Act, which comes into force on Friday, will lead to big …

EU opens antitrust investigation against Microsoft over Office and videoconferencing Teams bundling
1 year, 8 months ago

EU opens antitrust investigation against Microsoft over Office and videoconferencing Teams bundling

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy The European Union announced Thursday …

EU regulators order Google to break up digital ad business over competition concerns
1 year, 9 months ago

EU regulators order Google to break up digital ad business over competition concerns

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy European Union antitrust regulators took …

EU antitrust regulators quiz cloud rivals on Microsoft's request for customer data
1 year, 10 months ago

EU antitrust regulators quiz cloud rivals on Microsoft's request for customer data

The Hindu  

EU antitrust regulators are asking Microsoft's rivals what kind of customer data they are required to provide to the U.S. tech giant as part of their Azure cloud contracts, six months after a trade group complained about its cloud computing practices. Cloud Infrastructure Services Providers in Europe, whose members include Amazon, alleged last November that Microsoft's new contractual terms imposed …

Europe has led the global charge against big tech. But does it need a new approach?
1 year, 10 months ago

Europe has led the global charge against big tech. But does it need a new approach?

Live Mint  

In the past couple of decades, Europe and America have taken different paths in how they regulate large firms. Perhaps surprisingly, Europe took on even the mighty tech giants, imposing multi-billion-euro fines on the likes of Google and, at times, forcing changes to tech business models. Ms Vestager’s regulatory method is premised on the idea that consumer tech markets tend …

EU draft rules propose tougher cybersecurity labelling rules for Amazon, Google, Microsoft
1 year, 10 months ago

EU draft rules propose tougher cybersecurity labelling rules for Amazon, Google, Microsoft

The Hindu  

Amazon, Alphabet's Google, Microsoft and other non-European Union cloud service providers looking to secure an EU cybersecurity label to handle sensitive data can only do so via a joint venture with an EU-based company, according to an EU draft document seen by Reuters. The latest draft proposal from EU cybersecurity agency ENISA concerns an EU certification scheme that would vouch …

Britain to take on Big Tech antitrust issues with new legal powers
1 year, 11 months ago

Britain to take on Big Tech antitrust issues with new legal powers

The Hindu  

Britain said on Tuesday it would introduce a new law to rein in the power that big tech companies such as Google, Facebook and Amazon are able to wield to stifle competition in digital markets. Britain's antitrust watchdog, the Competition and Markets Authority, set up a dedicated Digital Markets Unit two years ago, armed with the expertise to regulate new …

Britain to take on Google, Amazon and Facebook with new legal powers
1 year, 11 months ago

Britain to take on Google, Amazon and Facebook with new legal powers

Live Mint  

Britain said on Tuesday it would introduce a new law to rein in the power that big tech companies such as Google, Facebook and Amazon are able to wield to stifle competition in digital markets. Britain's antitrust watchdog, the Competition and Markets Authority, set up a dedicated Digital Markets Unit two years ago, armed with the expertise to regulate new …

Google says Microsoft’s cloud practices are anti-competitive
2 years ago

Google says Microsoft’s cloud practices are anti-competitive

The Hindu  

Alphabet's Google Cloud has accused Microsoft of anti-competitive cloud computing practices and criticised imminent deals with several European cloud vendors, saying these do not solve broader concerns about its licensing terms. In Google Cloud's first public comments on Microsoft and its European deals its Vice President Amit Zavery told Reuters the company has raised the issue with antitrust agencies and …

Google says Microsoft cloud practices are anti-competitive
2 years ago

Google says Microsoft cloud practices are anti-competitive

Live Mint  

Alphabet's Google Cloud has accused Microsoft of anti-competitive cloud computing practices and criticised imminent deals with several European cloud vendors, saying these do not solve broader concerns about its licensing terms. In Google Cloud's first public comments on Microsoft and its European deals its Vice President Amit Zavery told Reuters the company has raised the issue with antitrust agencies and …

Google says Microsoft's cloud practices anti-competitive, critical of deals with rivals
2 years ago

Google says Microsoft's cloud practices anti-competitive, critical of deals with rivals

The Hindu  

Alphabet's Google Cloud has accused Microsoft of anti-competitive cloud computing practices and criticised imminent deals with European cloud vendors, saying these do not solve broader concerns about its licensing terms. In Google Cloud's first public comments on Microsoft and its European deals its Vice President Amit Zavery told Reuters the company has raised the issue with antitrust agencies and urged …

Microsoft faces new EU antitrust complaint on cloud computing practices
2 years, 4 months ago

Microsoft faces new EU antitrust complaint on cloud computing practices

The Hindu  

Microsoft faces a new antitrust complaint over its cloud computing practices as trade group CISPE, whose members include Amazon, took its grievance to European Union antitrust regulators on Wednesday. CISPE has alleged that Microsoft's new contractual terms imposed on Oct. 1 together with other practices are irreparably damaging the European cloud computing ecosystem. "Leveraging its dominance in productivity software, Microsoft …

Explained | What is the E.U. Digital Markets Act?
2 years, 4 months ago

Explained | What is the E.U. Digital Markets Act?

The Hindu  

The story so far: The Digital Markets Act entered into force in the European Union on November 1, seven months after it was agreed for by the European Parliament in March this year. In addition to managing a ‘core platform service’, a company must have accrued an annual turnover of at least €7.5 billion in each of the last three …

Discover Related