From Alpha, Beta, Gamma to Delta: What we know of coronavirus mutations so far
Live MintViruses mutate all the time, including the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that’s caused the Covid-19 pandemic. University of Florida researchers found that for the Covid vaccines being rolled out on a global scale, the alpha strain led to “somewhat reduced” efficacy compared with the wild strain, while the beta and gamma variants led to considerably lower efficacy, they said in a paper released in May ahead of peer-review, in which research is scrutinized by experts in the same field before publication. Other research indicates that even if there is a decrease in antibodies, another part of the immune system may counter the coronavirus: T cells from people who have recovered from Covid or received so-called mRNA vaccines from Moderna Inc. or from Pfizer Inc. and its partner BioNTech SE are still able to recognize several variants, negating the virus’s ability to cause severe disease, researchers at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology said. Research by Public Health England released before peer review and based on patient records found two doses of the AstraZeneca Plc vaccine were less effective at preventing Covid from delta compared with a double dose of the Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine. Sarah Gilbert, a professor of vaccinology at the University of Oxford who conducted the initial research on the AstraZeneca Plc vaccine, told the BBC that “efforts are underway to develop a new generation of vaccines that will allow protection to be redirected to emerging variants as booster jabs, if it turns out that it is necessary to do so.” Several drug companies have said they’re working on either a booster or combination shot.