What is vaccine-derived polio, and what are the available vaccines against poliovirus?
4 months ago

What is vaccine-derived polio, and what are the available vaccines against poliovirus?

The Hindu  

The story so far: A two-year-old child in Tikrikilla, Meghalaya has been infected with vaccine-derived polio. Vaccine-derived polio is a rare condition that occurs when the weakened strain of poliovirus used in the oral polio vaccine mutates and regains the ability to cause paralysis. More about polio vaccines The first successful polio vaccine for poliovirus was made by Jonas Salk, the director of the Virus Research Laboratory at the University of Pittsburgh, in the early 1950s. However, more than 90% of vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks are due to the type 2 virus present in oral polio vaccines. Even after the global switch from trivalent to bivalent oral polio vaccines in 2016 to prevent any more type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus, the number of vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus outbreaks have only increased sharply.

Polio Vaccine Ipv Virus Type Wild Poliovirus Type Oral Wpv3 Wpv Poliovirus Opv Vapp  virus  type  vaccines  polio  vaccine  oral  vaccinederived  wild  weakened  available  poliovirus  cases

History of this topic

Scientists: Baby in Gaza was infected with polio strain linked to mistakes in eradication campaign
3 months, 3 weeks ago

Scientists: Baby in Gaza was infected with polio strain linked to mistakes in eradication campaign

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Separately, a draft report by experts deemed the WHO …

Centre says Meghalaya polio case is vaccine-derived
4 months ago

Centre says Meghalaya polio case is vaccine-derived

The Hindu  

A case of vaccine-derived polio has been confirmed in a two-year-old child from Tikrikilla in Meghalaya. A senior official from the Union Health Ministry official emphasised on Tuesday that this is not a case of wild polio, but an infection that presents in some people with low immunity. High alert Officials in Meghalaya’s West Garo Hills district are on high …

Health Talk | Understanding vaccine-derived polio and its implications
4 months ago

Health Talk | Understanding vaccine-derived polio and its implications

Hindustan Times  

Last week, a two-and-a-half-year-old child in Meghalaya’s West Garo Hills tested positive for poliomyelitis, commonly known as polio. Vaccine-derived poliovirus is a strain of poliovirus that has mutated from the strain originally contained in oral polio vaccines. However, the reporting of vaccine-derived cases does not indicate the return of wild polio, which was officially eradicated in India in 2014, as …

Meghalaya’s polio case derived from vaccine: Officials
4 months, 1 week ago

Meghalaya’s polio case derived from vaccine: Officials

Hindustan Times  

New Delhi: The case of polio confirmed in a child from West Garo Hills in Meghalaya on Tuesday involves what is termed vaccine-derived polio, which is not uncommon, confirmed an official from the Union ministry of health and family welfare on Wednesday. “It is a case of vaccine derived polio that has been detected in a 2.5 years old child …

Biological E receives WHO's Pre-qualification for their Novel Oral Polio Vaccine
4 months, 3 weeks ago

Biological E receives WHO's Pre-qualification for their Novel Oral Polio Vaccine

Deccan Chronicle  

Hyderabad: In a monumental stride towards eradicating polio worldwide, Biological E. Limited, a Hyderabad-based vaccine and pharmaceutical company today announced that the World Health Organisation has granted Pre-qualification status to their Novel Oral Polio Vaccine type 2. nOPV2 is the 10th pre-qualified vaccine of BE. This next-generation live, attenuated oral vaccine significantly reduces the risk of circulating vaccine-derived Poliovirus type …

Polio: All you need to know about the viral disease
9 months, 1 week ago

Polio: All you need to know about the viral disease

Hindustan Times  

At its worst, polio causes paralysis: 'Polio Paul' Alexander had to spend 70 years in an iron lung after surviving the disease as a child. There are two types of polio present in the world today: Wild poliovirus and vaccine-derived poliovirus. Although vaccine-derived polio can take the form of any of the three types, type 1 is the only remaining …

The case for India switching from the oral to the inactivated polio vaccine
1 year, 5 months ago

The case for India switching from the oral to the inactivated polio vaccine

The Hindu  

This article is a response to ‘The case for the oral polio vaccine in the world’s quest for eradication’, July 21, 2023, by Vipin M. Vashishtha and Puneet Kumar. Also, India has remained polio-free since January 2011 even as wild poliovirus and VDPV cases have been reported in Pakistan and Afghanistan, thanks to high polio vaccine coverage here. The need …

The case for the oral polio vaccine in the world’s quest for eradication
1 year, 5 months ago

The case for the oral polio vaccine in the world’s quest for eradication

The Hindu  

This article is a response to ‘Unethical to continue using polio-causing oral polio vaccines’, July 15, 2023, by R. Prasad. One is the oral polio vaccine, a live attenuated vaccine, meaning it contains weakened polioviruses to induce an immune response in a human body without causing disease. The OPV is also easier to manufacture as the “seed virus” required for …

Unethical to continue using polio-causing oral polio vaccines
1 year, 5 months ago

Unethical to continue using polio-causing oral polio vaccines

The Hindu  

In 1988, the World Health Assembly declared WHO’s commitment to global eradication of polio by 2000. Though the last case of type 2 wild poliovirus was reported in October 1999 from India, more than 90% of vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks are due to type 2 virus present in oral polio vaccines. Yet, the number of vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus outbreaks have …

Polio: Leading virologist offers a beginner’s guide to the different viruses and vaccines
1 year, 8 months ago

Polio: Leading virologist offers a beginner’s guide to the different viruses and vaccines

The Hindu  

On 17 March 2023, the World Health Organization announced that health officials in Burundi and Democratic Republic of Congo had detected cases of vaccine-derived poliovirus. Global efforts since 1988, using oral polio vaccine to immunise children, have reduced wild poliovirus cases by 99.9%. The use of the oral polio vaccine containing attenuated or weakened virus, has brought the wild poliovirus …

Explained | Is there a need for an extra dose of polio vaccine?
1 year, 10 months ago

Explained | Is there a need for an extra dose of polio vaccine?

The Hindu  

The story so far: The West Bengal government announced that it was introducing an additional dose of injectable polio vaccine as part of the Universal Immunisation Programme for children. An additional dose of inactivated poliovirus at nine months will protect against any polio thereafter — Vaccine Associated Paralytic Polio or Vaccine Derived Polioviruses, explains T. Jacob John, noted virologist and …

SCIENCE NOTEBOOK | Novel oral poliovirus vaccine nOPV2 the new hope in battle against vaccine-derived polio
1 year, 10 months ago

SCIENCE NOTEBOOK | Novel oral poliovirus vaccine nOPV2 the new hope in battle against vaccine-derived polio

The Hindu  

Published : Feb 09, 2023 10:25 IST Live oral poliovirus vaccines are known to be safe and effective and have led to the elimination of polio from most of the world. Following the global eradication of wild-type 2 poliovirus, the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic polio and cVDPVs led to the global withdrawal of the type 2 virus from OPVs for …

Polio is back in Indonesia, sparking vaccination campaign
2 years ago

Polio is back in Indonesia, sparking vaccination campaign

The Hindu  

Children in school uniforms and toddlers with their parents lined up Monday for polio vaccinations in the Sigli town square on the northern tip of the Indonesian island of Sumatra, after four children were found infected with the highly contagious disease that was declared eliminated in the country less than a decade ago. The campaign that started Monday aims to …

Explained | New York declares polio emergency: should India be worried?
2 years, 2 months ago

Explained | New York declares polio emergency: should India be worried?

The Hindu  

The story so far: Earlier in September, New York declared a State disaster emergency after poliovirus was discovered in wastewater samples from three counties. In India, vaccine-derived poliovirus was detected in the environmental surveillance of sewage samples from Kolkata this year, although the Health Ministry said that such an incident can occur in any country where oral polio vaccines are …

Worried About Polio? Here's What Experts Want You To Know.
2 years, 5 months ago

Worried About Polio? Here's What Experts Want You To Know.

Huff Post  

ROGER HARRIS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY via Getty Images For the first time in nearly a decade, vaccine-derived polio was detected in the United States. “The big lesson, with monkeypox and polio now: What happens somewhere else in the world, it doesn’t stay there,” said Dr. Scott Roberts, the associate medical director of Infection Prevention at Yale New Haven Hospital. “It wasn’t …

Polio virus found in United Kingdom sewage samples; risk to public low
2 years, 6 months ago

Polio virus found in United Kingdom sewage samples; risk to public low

India TV News  

Highlights Health officials in Britain warned parents to ensure their children been vaccinated against polio Polio virus that causes the disease was found in London sewage samples in recent months The UK Health Security Agency said it believes the virus was vaccine-derived Health officials in Britain warned parents on Wednesday to ensure their children have been vaccinated against polio after …

Polio virus found in UK sewage samples; risk to public low
2 years, 6 months ago

Polio virus found in UK sewage samples; risk to public low

Associated Press  

LONDON — Health officials in Britain warned parents Wednesday to ensure their children have been vaccinated against polio after the virus that causes the disease was found in London sewage samples in recent months. The U.K. Health Security Agency said it believes the virus was “vaccine-derived,” meaning it came from someone who received the live polio vaccine abroad. Authorities stressed …

Floundering polio eradication
2 years, 7 months ago

Floundering polio eradication

The Hindu  

The recent news of wild poliovirus type 1 in Malawi imported from Pakistan and of polio outbreak in Israel caused by ‘circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 3’ are visible signs of floundering polio eradication. India conducts one annual national and two sub-national pulse immunisation campaigns with bivalent OPV for all children below five years, in addition to routine immunisation with five …

Africa wins battle against wild poliovirus, WHO announces; threat of vaccine-derived polio persists
4 years, 3 months ago

Africa wins battle against wild poliovirus, WHO announces; threat of vaccine-derived polio persists

Firstpost  

Polio is a highly contagious virus and was endemic around the world until a vaccine was found in the 1950s. On Tuesday, 25 August, the Independent Africa Regional Certification Commission for Polio Eradication and the World Health Organization made a joint announcement that the African continent is now free of the wild poliovirus, after decades of work to eradicate it. …

Africa now free of wild poliovirus, but polio threat remains
4 years, 3 months ago

Africa now free of wild poliovirus, but polio threat remains

The Hindu  

Health authorities on Tuesday are expected to declare the African continent free of the wild poliovirus after decades of effort, though cases of vaccine-derived polio are still sparking outbreaks of the paralyzing disease in more than a dozen countries. The declaration would leave Pakistan and neighboring Afghanistan as the only countries thought to still have the wild poliovirus, with vaccination …

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