Environmental federalism crucial for climate action
New Indian ExpressClimate change issues manifest more prominently at regional level compared to their aggregate impact nationally. The 2020 draft notification of the Environmental Impact Assessment authorised the Centre to appoint members of the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority, relegating the state governments to a mere recommending role. Some State Action Plans for Climate Change, developed in alignment with national strategies, are formulated without adequate local community engagement, resulting in a lack of institutionalisation, defined targets, and sufficient financial investment. India’s National Environment Policy, 2006, talks of the principle of decentralisation, which advocates “…ceding or transfer of power from a Central authority to state or local authorities, in order to empower public authorities having jurisdiction at the spatial level at which particular environmental issues are salient, to address these issues”. A greater involvement of the local government, and hence the local communities like farmers and tribals, shall promote more relevant and efficient environmental policymaking tailored to each state’s unique needs.