COVID-19 pandemic worse than 2008-09 financial crisis: IMF
4 years, 8 months ago

COVID-19 pandemic worse than 2008-09 financial crisis: IMF

The Hindu  

The contraction in the global economy is much worse than the 2008-09 financial crisis, a top IMF official said on April 15, urging the governments to take swift concerted action with fiscal tools taking a prime role to contain the COVID-19 spread and limit the damage to livelihoods. As such, there is no doubt that the government needs to take swift concerted action with fiscal tools taking a prime role to contain the virus’ spread and limit the damage to livelihoods of people,” Mr. Gasper said. Global coordination is necessary to support countries with limited health capacity, including by providing medical supplies and expertise, grants, and concessional emergency financing, and to develop universally low-cost vaccines and medicine, he said. “Another key message is that this is a global crisis and comprehensive and coordinated action is necessary, including to support countries with limited health capacity and financing constraints through grants, concessional loans, and medical aid, as well as to develop a universally low-cost vaccine,” he said.

Health Global Support Crisis Countries Covid Pti Virus Imf Fiscal Measures Gasper  pandemic  imf  measures  fiscal  global  countries  financial  covid19  health  role  crisis  worse  200809  support  virus

History of this topic

Five years since covid: how the pandemic changed the world
2 weeks, 1 day ago

Five years since covid: how the pandemic changed the world

Live Mint  

In December 2019, a cluster of cases with an unknown flu-like illness emerged in Wuhan, China. GDP gap India’s growth seems to have rebounded, but the data masks the fact that the stumble of 2020-21 set us back several years from the pre-covid output path. As the pandemic receded, the economy recovered: the following three years saw growth rates of …

How raising the nation’s debt limit could reduce spending of some coronavirus relief funds
1 year, 7 months ago

How raising the nation’s debt limit could reduce spending of some coronavirus relief funds

Associated Press  

With the pandemic officially over, leftover coronavirus relief money for vaccines, public health initiatives and other programs has become a target as negotiators try to reach a budget deal to raise the nation’s debt limit. HOW MUCH IS AT STAKE The Congressional Budget Office estimates that halting the use of unobligated pandemic relief funds would result in a net spending …

Opinion: ‘Unprecedented by most measures’: Calculating the astonishing economic costs of COVID
1 year, 7 months ago

Opinion: ‘Unprecedented by most measures’: Calculating the astonishing economic costs of COVID

LA Times  

The economic toll of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States will reach $14 trillion by the end of this year, our team of economists, public policy researchers and other experts estimate. We used data from the first 2½ years of the pandemic to forecast total economic losses from the pandemic over four years, from January 2020 through December 2023. …

China Covid toll concern for world given size of its GDP, economy: US State dep
2 years ago

China Covid toll concern for world given size of its GDP, economy: US State dep

Hindustan Times  

The United States hopes that China can address the current COVID-19 outbreak as the toll of the virus is a global concern due to the size of the Chinese economy, State Department spokesperson Ned Price said on Monday. "The toll of the virus is of concern to the rest of the world given the size of China's GDP, given the …

Helping enterprises pull through the pandemic
2 years, 1 month ago

Helping enterprises pull through the pandemic

China Daily  

With the reemergence of the novel coronavirus across the country, China's economy is under the triple pressure of demand contraction, supply shocks and weakening expectations. As government expenditure on epidemic prevention and control and public health has continuously increased, small and medium-sized enterprises, particularly those in the service industry, hope the government can help them pull through the pandemic. To …

Helping enterprises pull through the pandemic
2 years, 1 month ago

Helping enterprises pull through the pandemic

China Daily  

With the reemergence of the novel coronavirus across the country, China's economy is under the triple pressure of demand contraction, supply shocks and weakening expectations. As government expenditure on epidemic prevention and control and public health has continuously increased, small and medium-sized enterprises, particularly those in the service industry, hope the government can help them pull through the pandemic. To …

The pandemic economy will outlast the outbreak of covid
2 years, 3 months ago

The pandemic economy will outlast the outbreak of covid

Live Mint  

We may be learning to live with covid but as the latest inflation report shows, it’s still a pandemic economy. Two-and-a-half years after the first lockdowns, the economy remains weird: It can take more than a year to a get a dishwasher, many months to get a passport, businesses are short-staffed, stores routinely run out of staples like pain reliever …

Economy may take more than a decade to overcome COVID-19 losses: RBI report
2 years, 8 months ago

Economy may take more than a decade to overcome COVID-19 losses: RBI report

The Hindu  

The Indian economy may take more than a decade to overcome the losses caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, according to Reserve Bank of India’s Report on Currency and Finance. Taking actual growth rate of 6.6% for 2020-21, 8.9% for 2021-22 and assuming growth rate of 7.2% for 2022-23 and 7.5% beyond that, India is expected to overcome COVID-19 …

China economy starts the year with a wobble
2 years, 11 months ago

China economy starts the year with a wobble

Live Mint  

BY JONATHAN CHENG | UPDATED JAN 30, 2022 12:54 AM EST Manufacturing and service sector surveys show retreat in January as latest Covid-19 outbreaks hit domestic demand The Chinese economy started the year on an uncertain footing, as Covid-19 flare-ups disrupted factory activity and consumer spending, according to a trio of manufacturing and service sector surveys released Sunday. China’s official …

'No time to spare': WHO says Covid disrupted health services, pushed half a billion into poverty
3 years ago

'No time to spare': WHO says Covid disrupted health services, pushed half a billion into poverty

India Today  

More than half a billion people are being pushed into extreme poverty because they have to pay for health services out of their own pockets, the World Health Organization said in a press release highlighting the impact of Covid-19 on people's ability to obtain health care facilities. "Even before the Covid-19 pandemic struck, almost 1 billion people were spending more …

IMF urges governments to make fiscal plans to tame pandemic debt
3 years, 3 months ago

IMF urges governments to make fiscal plans to tame pandemic debt

Live Mint  

Governments should start planning a return to more sustainable budgets with policies that win the trust of investors, after unprecedented fiscal stimulus to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, the International Monetary Fund said on Thursday. A Fiscal Monitor chapter titled "Strengthening the Credibility of Public Finances" said countries could buy time and make debt stabilization less painful by committing to fiscal …

Pandemic has affected poor more: RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das
3 years, 3 months ago

Pandemic has affected poor more: RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das

Deccan Chronicle  

Mumbai: Reserve Bank of India governor Shaktikanta Das on Wednesday said the Covid-19 pandemic has severely dented inclusivity across countries. In the medium to long-run, both efficiency and equity will greatly matter for sustainable growth and macroeconomic performance.” The impact of pandemics could be a lot more asymmetric by affecting the vulnerable segments more. Overall, there are evidences across countries …

As rich-poor divide widens between nations, UN urges reform
3 years, 3 months ago

As rich-poor divide widens between nations, UN urges reform

Al Jazeera  

Developing countries could shoulder most of the cost of the coronavirus crisis, a new report from the UN warns. “The danger of a lost decade ahead remains a very real one,” Richard Kozul-Wright, UNCTAD’s director of globalisation and development strategies, told Al Jazeera. “And so far, the discussion of reform of the multilateral system, along the lines that followed the …

Fiscal metrics to stay weak on COVID: S&P
3 years, 8 months ago

Fiscal metrics to stay weak on COVID: S&P

The Hindu  

An ongoing second wave of COVID-19 infections in India could hurt its near-term economic recovery and possibly diminish growth for the full year, S&P Global Ratings said on Tuesday. “India’s COVID wave will inevitably hit the recovery and could push growth below 10%,” said Shaun Roache, chief economist, Asia Pacific at S&P. “The longer it takes to regain control, the …

Covid-19 continues to disrupt essential health services: WHO
3 years, 8 months ago

Covid-19 continues to disrupt essential health services: WHO

India TV News  

Over one year into the Covid-19 pandemic, about 90 percent of the world's 105 countries surveyed still report disruptions to their essential health services, the World Health Organization said. A recent WHO survey has found that about 66 percent of countries continue to report health workforce-related reasons as the most common cause of service disruptions, and in nearly one-third of …

Covid-19 Pandemic Leaving Behind Complex Legacies That Will Need to Be Tackled: IMF Official
3 years, 9 months ago

Covid-19 Pandemic Leaving Behind Complex Legacies That Will Need to Be Tackled: IMF Official

News 18  

The Covid-19 pandemic is leaving behind complex legacies that will need to be tackled, a top IMF official said on Wednesday, as he underlined the need for policies that must remain agile and respond flexibly as the situation may require. Covid-19 is leaving behind complex legacies that will need to be tackled, he said. The report said that policymakers need …

Most Economies Not to Return to Pre-pandemic Activity Levels Until 2022: Moody's
3 years, 9 months ago

Most Economies Not to Return to Pre-pandemic Activity Levels Until 2022: Moody's

News 18  

Moody’s Investors Service on Thursday said the credit downturn arising out of COVID-19 will be short-lived but most economies will not return to pre-pandemic activity levels until 2022. In the year since the World Health Organisation declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020, the virus has disrupted the global economy and triggered a credit downturn accompanied by a spike …

Long or short Covid? The true state of the UK economy
3 years, 10 months ago

Long or short Covid? The true state of the UK economy

The Independent  

Long Covid describes the symptoms of people who have been infected by the coronavirus, survived it, and yet who just can’t seem to return to normal health. If one uses measures which ignore quality adjustments, the UK’s economic performance looks closer to other G7 countries, although it remains very possible that less hesitation from ministers last year in imposing restrictions …

UK economy just had its worst year in three centuries
3 years, 10 months ago

UK economy just had its worst year in three centuries

CNN  

London CNN Business — The UK economy suffered its biggest slump in more than three centuries last year, with GDP falling by nearly 10% over the course of 2020. “Today’s figures show that the economy has experienced a serious shock as a result of the pandemic, which has been felt by countries around the world,” UK finance minister Rishi Sunak …

Budget 2021 will be starting point for economic recovery after COVID-19 pandemic, say experts
3 years, 11 months ago

Budget 2021 will be starting point for economic recovery after COVID-19 pandemic, say experts

Firstpost  

New Delhi: Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Monday will deliver her promised Budget like no other that is expected to provide relief to the pandemic-hit common man as well as focus more on driving the economic recovery through higher spending on healthcare, infrastructure and defence amid rising tensions with neighbours. Higher capital expenditure outlay for the National Infrastructure Pipeline programme …

Coronavirus pandemic severe, but ‘not necessarily the big one’: WHO
4 years ago

Coronavirus pandemic severe, but ‘not necessarily the big one’: WHO

Hindustan Times  

The novel coronavirus has had a devastating impact around the globe, but the World Health Organization warned Monday that worse pandemics could lie ahead, urging the world to get “serious” about preparedness. “This is a wakeup call,” WHO emergencies chief Michael Ryan told reporters at a briefing marking a year since the UN agency first learned of the new virus …

Covid, pandemic and lockdown: How 2020 changed the world
4 years ago

Covid, pandemic and lockdown: How 2020 changed the world

Live Mint  

When the world celebrated the dawn of a new decade with a blaze of firework parties and revelry on January 1, few could have imagined what 2020 had in store. "This is a pandemic experience that's unique in the lifetime of every single person on Earth," says Sten Vermund, infectious disease epidemiologist and dean of Yale School of Public Health. …

All You Need to Know About Managing Funds During Covid-19 Pandemic
4 years ago

All You Need to Know About Managing Funds During Covid-19 Pandemic

News 18  

The year 2020 has been nothing short of a bad dream for most. As much as it is a good habit to not waste food, it became equally important to learn to survive in a limited budget and to make a tradition to save funds for similar situations if there are any. To build a corpus of liquid assets, one …

A pandemic atlas: USA by the numbers, telling and horrifying
4 years ago

A pandemic atlas: USA by the numbers, telling and horrifying

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. But they don’t fully capture the multitude of ways, …

Covid-19 to Cost $11.5 Trillion to Global Economy, Countries to Lose $5 Trillion in GDP: Study
4 years, 1 month ago

Covid-19 to Cost $11.5 Trillion to Global Economy, Countries to Lose $5 Trillion in GDP: Study

News 18  

The coronavirus pandemic is estimated to cost the global economy a whooping 11.5 trillion dollars including $5 trillion to $5.6 trillion in GDP, a study collated by experts from medicine, economics, environment and conservation shows. “The world may lose at least 5 trillion dollars in GDP in 2020, and the willingness to pay for the live lost constitutes many additional …

Economic impact of coronavirus will hit next year, experts say
4 years, 1 month ago

Economic impact of coronavirus will hit next year, experts say

Dutch News  

Despite the slight drop in the unemployment rate this week, and signs of a speedier economic recovery from the coronavirus crisis, the big hit will be felt in the second quarter of next year, according to experts. In total, 102 banking, legal and investment experts took part in a survey on the likely impact of the crisis carried out by …

Global economic bailout is running at $19.5 trillion. It will go higher
4 years, 1 month ago

Global economic bailout is running at $19.5 trillion. It will go higher

CNN  

London CNN Business — Governments and central banks have promised to shell out $19.5 trillion since the coronavirus erupted to “put a floor under the world economy,” according to the International Monetary Fund. While coronavirus vaccine candidates point to improved prospects for the global economy next year, they won’t help countries much in the immediate future. In the United States, …

A Lost Decade: Decoding the cost of Covid-19 pandemic
4 years, 2 months ago

A Lost Decade: Decoding the cost of Covid-19 pandemic

India Today  

A decade after facing the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression in the 1930s, the world has again stumbled upon an unprecedented economic challenge due to a microscopic virus. Citing International Labour Organisation estimates, the UNCTAD report indicated that the pandemic has put jobs of more than 500 million people in jeopardy, mainly in the developing world. In what …

Government borrowing has hit £208billion in six months of coronavirus crisis
4 years, 2 months ago

Government borrowing has hit £208billion in six months of coronavirus crisis

Daily Mail  

The government has borrowed more than £208billion over six months to manage the crippling economic effects of the coronavirus crisis. National debt hit £2.06trillion at the end of last month, equivalent to 103.5 per cent of the size of the whole economy. There have been predictions that the situation will get even tougher as millions face unemployment as the economy …

Government borrows more than a billion pounds PER DAY during coronavirus crisis
4 years, 2 months ago

Government borrows more than a billion pounds PER DAY during coronavirus crisis

Daily Mail  

The crippling impact of coronavirus on the public finances was laid bare today after new figures showed the government borrowed more than £208billion over six months. Another £36.1billion was borrowed in September - the third-highest month on record and compared to just £7billion a year ago - as tax revenues slumped and the Treasury poured out bailout money. Another £36.1billion …

World experiencing one of the deepest recessions since Great Depression due to COVID-19: World Bank
4 years, 2 months ago

World experiencing one of the deepest recessions since Great Depression due to COVID-19: World Bank

The Hindu  

The world is experiencing one of the deepest recessions since the Great Depression in the 1930s owing to the novel coronavirus, World Bank President David Malpass has said, terming the COVID-19 pandemic a “catastrophic event” for many developing and the poorest countries. For the developing countries, and especially the poorest developing countries, that downward leg in the K is an …

World experiencing one of the deepest recessions due to COVID-19: World Bank
4 years, 2 months ago

World experiencing one of the deepest recessions due to COVID-19: World Bank

India TV News  

The world is experiencing one of the deepest recessions since the Great Depression in the 1930s owing to the novel coronavirus, World Bank President David Malpass has said, terming the COVID-19 pandemic a "catastrophic event" for many developing and the poorest countries. For the developing countries, and especially the poorest developing countries, that downward leg in the K is an …

IMF Recommends Three Policy Priorities to Overcome Covid-19 Crisis Worldwide
4 years, 2 months ago

IMF Recommends Three Policy Priorities to Overcome Covid-19 Crisis Worldwide

News 18  

Washington: The IMF on Wednesday proposed three policy priorities, including continuing with essential measures to protect lives and livelihoods, building a more resilient and inclusive economy, and dealing with debt, to overcome the COVID-19 crisis and build a brighter future. IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva said that nine months into the pandemic, the world is still struggling with the darkness …

Analysis: The US and Europe face rising Covid-19 case numbers as they squander lessons from Asia-Pacific
4 years, 2 months ago

Analysis: The US and Europe face rising Covid-19 case numbers as they squander lessons from Asia-Pacific

CNN  

London CNN — While the Asia-Pacific region treads water until a coronavirus vaccine is found, the West’s biggest economies are drowning as a second wave firmly establishes itself in Europe. Swedish authorities have actively discouraged the use of masks, despite the high number of Covid-19 deaths in care homes, As well as resorting to lazy cultural tropes, such as Trump’s …

Downturn from pandemic offers path to green, climate resilient economies: IMF
4 years, 3 months ago

Downturn from pandemic offers path to green, climate resilient economies: IMF

Firstpost  

A fiscal stimulus could be an opportunity to boost green and resilient public infrastructure, the IMF said. The global downturn caused by the coronavirus pandemic offers an opportunity for governments to implement new policies that could simultaneously address climate change and boost the economy, the International Monetary Fund said on Wednesday, 7 October. The right mix of carbon taxes to …

Government braces for massive deficit as tax cuts, spending set to be outlined in coronavirus Budget
4 years, 3 months ago

Government braces for massive deficit as tax cuts, spending set to be outlined in coronavirus Budget

ABC  

The Federal Government is preparing to hand down one of the most consequential budgets in living memory, with tax cuts, infrastructure spending and a record deficit expected to be outlined when Treasurer Josh Frydenberg speaks in Parliament this evening. Key points: Fast-tracked tax cuts are set to put billions in the pockets of Australian workers Fast-tracked tax cuts are set …

Federal Budget 2020 reveals Australia headed to record debt of almost $1 trillion
4 years, 3 months ago

Federal Budget 2020 reveals Australia headed to record debt of almost $1 trillion

ABC  

Billions of dollars in fast-tracked tax cuts and younger worker wage subsidies underline the Federal Government's budget recovery pitch, as Australia's recession sends debt and deficits to record levels. Key points: Debt and deficits are set to hit record highs as coronavirus savages the economy Debt and deficits are set to hit record highs as coronavirus savages the economy Businesses …

The impact of Covid-19 on state economies
4 years, 3 months ago

The impact of Covid-19 on state economies

Hindustan Times  

An unfortunate consequence of Covid-19 is the adverse impact on the economy. It might be a while before the data on state economies becomes available, so we used micro-data from the Google mobility report to analyse contractions in economic activity across states. The most credible strategy for economic recovery is easy access to Covid-19 testing and easy access to hospital …

Nearly Two-Thirds Of U.S. Households Struck By COVID-19 Face Financial Trouble
4 years, 3 months ago

Nearly Two-Thirds Of U.S. Households Struck By COVID-19 Face Financial Trouble

NPR  

Nearly Two-Thirds Of U.S. Households Struck By COVID-19 Face Financial Trouble Enlarge this image toggle caption John Moore/Getty Images John Moore/Getty Images COVID-19 has caused widespread damage to the economy — so wide that it can be easy to overlook how unevenly households are suffering. Sponsor Message "We had to be quarantined for a while, and me and my husband …

Getting COVID-19 Is Putting Americans On The Brink Of Economic Crisis
4 years, 3 months ago

Getting COVID-19 Is Putting Americans On The Brink Of Economic Crisis

Huff Post  

LOADING ERROR LOADING Contracting COVID-19 is putting already financially stressed Americans on the brink of economic disaster. Of the Americans who’ve contracted COVID-19, 63% are facing serious financial problems, according to a survey released Wednesday morning from NPR, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and Harvard University’s T.H. Instead they found widespread, serious financial distress ― particularly among Americans earning less …

Covid-19 straining India’s health infra, delaying economic recovery
4 years, 3 months ago

Covid-19 straining India’s health infra, delaying economic recovery

Live Mint  

NEW DELHI: A relentless rise in covid-19 cases--more than a half a crore and counting-is not only straining the country's health infrastructure but also delaying economic recovery. As the government has eased restrictions, cases have continued to rose with several key economic activity areas declared containment zones. “More covid-19 cases may slow down the unlocking process, may create greater fear …

COVID-19 could fuel more conflict, poverty, starvation, says UN
4 years, 4 months ago

COVID-19 could fuel more conflict, poverty, starvation, says UN

The Hindu  

Top UN officials have warned that the COVID-19 pandemic has aggravated discrimination and other human rights violations that can fuel conflict, and its indirect consequences are dwarfing the impact of the virus itself in the world’s most fragile countries. Mr. Lowcock warned the council that the indirect economic and health effects from the crisis in fragile countries “will be higher …

World economy: What else could go wrong before 2020 is done
4 years, 4 months ago

World economy: What else could go wrong before 2020 is done

Live Mint  

The world economy’s rebound from the depths of the coronavirus crisis is fading, setting up an uncertain finish to the year. Adding 1.4 million jobs in August was “a big step in the right direction,” said Ryan Sweet, head of monetary policy research at Moody’s Analytics. But the economy needs to maintain that kind of pace, he said, and “without …

Opinion: Covid-19 has scarred the global economy, but it’s not too late to change course
4 years, 4 months ago

Opinion: Covid-19 has scarred the global economy, but it’s not too late to change course

CNN  

Editor’s Note: This article was originally published in its entirety in the International Monetary Fund’s fall 2020 issue of Finance & Development Magazine. And this means it goes disproportionately after the poor, especially in poor countries and in advanced economies like the United States where access to health care is not guaranteed. There are many reasons for these differences: the …

Ministers don’t need to make cuts or up taxes to pay for Covid crisis: economists
4 years, 4 months ago

Ministers don’t need to make cuts or up taxes to pay for Covid crisis: economists

Dutch News  

Despite the billions of euros the cabinet is investing in combating the impact of coronavirus, ministers do not yet have to put up taxes or make spending cuts, according to a group of leading economists. The 10 economists, who were talking to ING bank two weeks ahead of the presentation of the 2021 budget, say there is ‘more than enough’ …

Australian recession confirmed as COVID-19 triggers biggest economic plunge on record
4 years, 4 months ago

Australian recession confirmed as COVID-19 triggers biggest economic plunge on record

ABC  

Australia is officially in its first recession for almost three decades, with the June quarter GDP numbers showing the economy went backwards by 7 per cent — the worst fall on record and slightly worse than most economists had predicted. Key points: GDP plunged 7 per cent in the June quarter, more than three times the previous biggest fall of …

Difficult to Accurately Assess Economic Impact of Covid-19 Due to Evolving Dynamics: RBI
4 years, 4 months ago

Difficult to Accurately Assess Economic Impact of Covid-19 Due to Evolving Dynamics: RBI

News 18  

The Reserve Bank on Tuesday said it is difficult to accurately assess the economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic as the dynamics are still evolving. "COVID-19's epidemiological dynamics are still rapidly evolving in India, rendering difficult an accurate assessment of its full macroeconomic effects," RBI said in its annual report. It said dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model built on New Keynesian …

Difficult to accurately assess economic impact of Covid-19, says RBI
4 years, 4 months ago

Difficult to accurately assess economic impact of Covid-19, says RBI

Business Standard  

The Reserve Bank on Tuesday said it is difficult to accurately assess the economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic as the dynamics are still evolving. "COVID-19's epidemiological dynamics are still rapidly evolving in India, rendering difficult an accurate assessment of its full macroeconomic effects," RBI said in its annual report. It said dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model built on New Keynesian …

After the Virus: Japan’s Painful Economic Recovery
4 years, 5 months ago

After the Virus: Japan’s Painful Economic Recovery

The Diplomat  

Japan’s 2020 Olympic dreams are gone, the economy is in recession, and the COVID-19 pandemic has tragically caused nearly 1,000 deaths and counting in the country. Amid growing international pressure, including threats of athlete boycotts, the International Olympic Committee announced on March 24 that the Games would be pushed back to “not later than summer 2021” to “safeguard the health …

Too many countries heading in wrong direction; COVID-19 getting 'worse and worse': WHO warns
4 years, 5 months ago

Too many countries heading in wrong direction; COVID-19 getting 'worse and worse': WHO warns

India TV News  

With the rising number of coronavirus cases worldwide, the World Health Organization on Monday warned that the pandemic has the potential to get far worse if all nations do not adhere to basic healthcare precautions. In a virtual briefing from WHO headquarters in Geneva, Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said too many countries are heading in the wrong direction and …

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