India Plans Additional $2 Billion Of Exports To Sanctions-Hit Russia, Says Report
2 years, 8 months ago

India Plans Additional $2 Billion Of Exports To Sanctions-Hit Russia, Says Report

ABP News  

New Delhi: Amid the ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia, India is planning to boost shipments to Moscow by an additional $2 billion, quoting sources Bloomberg reported on Tuesday. According to the report, India is looking to export products supplied by countries who have stopped shipments after US and its allies imposed sanctions on Russia. India has come under severe criticism for lifting imports of oil to take advantage of a dip in prices after US, Europe, Australia, and Japan piled economic sanctions onto Russia in response to its war against Ukraine. US President Joe Biden on Monday conveyed Prime Minister Narendra Modi that the US stands ready to help India diversify its energy imports, which would make it less reliant on Russia.

India Trade Ukraine Russia Products Billion Russian Moscow Bilateral Trade  report  trade  additional  sanctions  imports  russia  plans  exports  shipments  moscow  products  sanctionshit  billion  russian  india

History of this topic

India’s trade braces for an action-packed 2025
1 day, 7 hours ago

India’s trade braces for an action-packed 2025

Live Mint  

India’s external trade, navigating a phase of uncertainty owing to the European Union's new carbon tax on imports and slowing consumption in Europe, is set face further pressure. Yet, according to Pralok Gupta, associate professor, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, which operates under the ministry of commerce and industry, “If US imposes high tariffs on China, India may face collateral …

Is India profiting from Russia-Ukraine War?
1 week, 2 days ago

Is India profiting from Russia-Ukraine War?

India Today  

What’s driving the fiercest battles across the globe? From the brutal trenches of Ukraine to NATO’s growing defence requirements, the artillery boom is reshaping the global defence landscape—and India is positioning itself at its very centre. Estonia’s Strategic Partnership with India Estonia, a NATO member that consistently meets its 2% defence spending target, is emerging as a key ally in …

India’s crude oil imports from Russia drop 55% in November, lowest since June 2022
1 week, 2 days ago

India’s crude oil imports from Russia drop 55% in November, lowest since June 2022

Live Mint  

India's import of Russian crude dropped to its lowest level since June 2022 in November this year, reported the news agency PTI on Sunday, December 15, citing a Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air report. “India's imports of Russian crude oil dropped by a massive 55 per cent in November - the lowest figure since June 2022,” the …

Rosneft, Reliance agree biggest ever India-Russia oil supply deal: Reports
1 week, 5 days ago

Rosneft, Reliance agree biggest ever India-Russia oil supply deal: Reports

Deccan Chronicle  

Russia's state oil firm Rosneft has agreed to supply nearly 500,000 barrels per day of crude to Indian private refiner Reliance in the biggest ever energy deal between the two countries, three sources familiar with the deal said.The 10-year agreement amounts to 0.5% of global supply and is worth roughly $13 billion a year at today's prices. The company declined …

EU shares with India inputs on Indian entities making supplies to Russia in 'violation' of G7 sanctions
2 weeks ago

EU shares with India inputs on Indian entities making supplies to Russia in 'violation' of G7 sanctions

Hindustan Times  

New Delhi, The European Union has provided India with inputs on the alleged involvement of certain Indian entities in supplying "high priority" goods with possible military application to Russia in violation of Western sanctions, people familiar with the development said. EU shares with India inputs on Indian entities making supplies to Russia in 'violation' of G7 sanctions EU Sanctions Envoy …

India faces high exposure to US trade policy shift
2 weeks, 5 days ago

India faces high exposure to US trade policy shift

Deccan Chronicle  

Chennai: India will be one of the key economies that are most exposed to a potential trade policy shift in the US under the new regime. The 2025 trade outlook is clouded by potential US policy shifts, including broader tariffs that could disrupt global value chains and impact key trading partners, said UNCTAD in its global trade update. This 3.3 …

Exclusive-Rising costs squeeze intermediaries out of thriving Russian oil trade with India
2 weeks, 6 days ago

Exclusive-Rising costs squeeze intermediaries out of thriving Russian oil trade with India

Live Mint  

By Nidhi Verma NEW DELHI/MOSCOW - Three trading houses have become dominant sellers of Russian oil to India as many smaller players dropped out of the business due to high funding costs in Russia and lack of access to Western funds, according to data and six trading sources. Traders such as Dubai-based Starex Trading and Pontus Trading, which were large …

Trade on track: Russia looks up to India for train manufacturing to meet domestic demand
4 weeks ago

Trade on track: Russia looks up to India for train manufacturing to meet domestic demand

Firstpost  

Russia is seeking to invest in and expand the manufacturing of trains as well as their components in India to meet its growing domestic demand Russia eyes to deepen its trade ties with India — one of the top economies still in robust trade with the country after its President Vladimir Putin ordered the invasion of Ukraine 36 months ago. …

Russia wants to become the second-largest oil producer in the world
1 month, 1 week ago

Russia wants to become the second-largest oil producer in the world

China Daily  

Russia is reportedly considering a major oil-sector shakeup by merging three of its largest oil companies: state-backed Rosneft and Gazprom Neft and privately-held Lukoil. Notably, the consolidation could allow Russia to command higher prices for crude oil exports to major buyers like India and China. This shift is driven by Russia’s substantial discounts on crude oil, which have made it …

India confident of achieving USD 100 billion trade with Russia by 2030: Jaishankar
1 month, 1 week ago

India confident of achieving USD 100 billion trade with Russia by 2030: Jaishankar

Firstpost  

In his televised opening remarks at the 25th session of the IRIGC-TEC, Jaishankar said the trade between the two countries needs to be ”more balanced and that would require addressing current constraints and undertaking greater facilitative efforts.” India is confident of achieving USD 100 billion in annual bilateral trade with Russia well ahead of the timeline of 2030 and a …

India to achieve $100-billion trade with Russia well before 2030 target: Jaishankar
Trending News
1 month, 1 week ago

India to achieve $100-billion trade with Russia well before 2030 target: Jaishankar

Hindustan Times  

India is confident of achieving commerce worth $100 billion with Russia before the target date of 2030 though the two sides need to address constraints to ensure trade is more balanced, external affairs minister S Jaishankar said on Tuesday. The two sides have seen “perceptible progress” in tackling challenges to trade, especially issues related to payments and logistics, but there …

India-Russia trade reaching $100 bn by 2030 more than realistic, says Jaishankar
Top News
1 month, 2 weeks ago

India-Russia trade reaching $100 bn by 2030 more than realistic, says Jaishankar

Firstpost  

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar said India-Russia trade today is at $66 billion and ’this makes the goal of reaching $100 billion by 2030 more than realistic' External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar and Russia's First Deputy Prime Minister Denis Manturov at the India-Russia Business Forum, Mumbai, on November 11, 2024. Source: X | @DrSJaishankar India-Russia trade currently is at $66 …

Non-tariff barriers, regulatory impediments must be addressed: EAM on India-Russia trade
1 month, 2 weeks ago

Non-tariff barriers, regulatory impediments must be addressed: EAM on India-Russia trade

Hindustan Times  

The imbalance in India-Russia trade needs to be addressed urgently, including steps to remove non-tariff barriers and regulatory impediments and facilitate the settlement of trade in national currencies, external affairs minister S Jaishankar said on Monday. Jaishankar’s remarks, made while addressing the India-Russia Business Forum in Mumbai alongside Russia’s first deputy prime minister Denis Manturov, came against the backdrop of …

Russian oil finds its way to Europe via India; India now biggest exporter of fuel to EU
1 month, 2 weeks ago

Russian oil finds its way to Europe via India; India now biggest exporter of fuel to EU

The Hindu  

India's export of fuels like diesel to the European Union jumped 58% in the first three quarters of 2024, with a bulk of them likely coming from refining discounted Russian oil, according to a monthly tracker report. "In the 13 months since the oil price cap took effect, over one-third of India's exports of oil products to sanctioning countries was …

India deserves to be in list of global superpowers: Putin
1 month, 2 weeks ago

India deserves to be in list of global superpowers: Putin

Deccan Chronicle  

Moscow: India deserves to be included in the list of global superpowers as its economy is currently growing faster than in any other country, Russian President Vladimir Putin has said. Addressing the plenary session of the Valdai Discussion Club in Sochi on Thursday, Putin also said Russia is developing relations with India in all directions and there is a great …

India, Russia aim for speedy conclusion of bilateral investment treaty
3 months ago

India, Russia aim for speedy conclusion of bilateral investment treaty

Hindustan Times  

New Delhi Seven years after the expiry of the investment treaty between India and Russia, the two countries have launched negotiations to expeditiously conclude a fresh pact to ramp up investments and business cooperation, officials from both sides said. A second official said the two sides are “close to moving forward” with the investment treaty since it is a “good …

India has trade surplus with 151 nations; deficit with 75 during Jan-June 2024: GTRI
3 months, 3 weeks ago

India has trade surplus with 151 nations; deficit with 75 during Jan-June 2024: GTRI

The Hindu  

India has recorded trade surplus with as many as 151 countries such as the U.S. and Netherlands, while the country has a trade deficit with 75 nations including China and Russia during the first half of this year, according to think tank GTRI. "Between January and June 2024, India had a trade surplus with 151 countries, representing 55.8 per cent …

India and Russia have doubled rupee-rouble payments in 2024, says largest Russian bank
5 months, 1 week ago

India and Russia have doubled rupee-rouble payments in 2024, says largest Russian bank

The Hindu  

India and Russia have doubled their payments in national currencies since last year despite sanctions by the U.S. and European Union, said Russia’s largest, state-controlled bank Sberbank that handles a majority of payments for Indian exports to Russia. The surge may rise further after Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Moscow last week, economists and Indian businessmen working in Russia …

India seeks to boost exports to Russia after Modi's visit
5 months, 1 week ago

India seeks to boost exports to Russia after Modi's visit

Hindustan Times  

India is exploring ways to boost its exports to Russia, including by encouraging rupee-rouble trade and pushing Moscow to lift non-tariff barriers, New Delhi said on Monday, in the wake of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to Moscow. Prime Minister Narendra Modi exchanges greetings with Russian President Vladimir Putin after receiving the Order of St Andrew the Apostle the First-Called, …

Watch: Modi-Putin meet- What is India’s message from Moscow?
5 months, 1 week ago

Watch: Modi-Putin meet- What is India’s message from Moscow?

The Hindu  

There were many firsts to PM Modi’s two day visit to Russia, his first since the invasion of Ukraine, and his first destination for a bilateral summit in his 3rd tenure in office, the first time they held the Annual Summit since 2021, and the first time an Indian leader was awarded Russia’s. The India Russia Joint Statement issued spoke …

Russia in talks for developing six more nuclear power units in India amid PM Modi's visit: Report
5 months, 2 weeks ago

Russia in talks for developing six more nuclear power units in India amid PM Modi's visit: Report

India TV News  

PM Modi's Russia visit: Prime Minister Narendra Modi's high-profile bilateral visit saw numerous agreements across several critical areas, including trade, climate change, and research. Russian state nuclear corporation Rosatom said it was discussing building six more nuclear power units in India; the Russian Direct Investment Fund inked pharma, shipbuilding and education agreements; and Russia's second-largest bank spoke of efforts to …

Putin hosts India’s prime minister to deepen ties, but Ukraine looms over their relationship
5 months, 2 weeks ago

Putin hosts India’s prime minister to deepen ties, but Ukraine looms over their relationship

Associated Press  

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi met President Vladimir Putin in Moscow on Tuesday, seeking to deepen the relationship between the two nuclear powers at a time when NATO leaders gathered in Washington and Russia launched deadly missile attacks in Ukraine that hit a children’s hospital. “Our relationship is one of a particularly privileged strategic partnership,” Putin told Modi, who made …

Build your plants in Russia, Moscow tells Indian drugmakers
6 months, 2 weeks ago

Build your plants in Russia, Moscow tells Indian drugmakers

Live Mint  

New Delhi: Sanctions-hit Russia is looking to India for drug security at a time of shortages triggered by its war in Ukraine, a government official aware of the matter said. Moscow has proposed financial support for Indian companies ready to build facilities in Russia, and is seeking higher pharmaceutical exports from India to meet domestic demand, the official said on …

India in trade deficit with nine of top 10 trading partners in 2023-24
6 months, 4 weeks ago

India in trade deficit with nine of top 10 trading partners in 2023-24

The Hindu  

India has recorded a trade deficit, the difference between imports and exports, with nine of its top 10 trading partners, including China, Russia, Singapore, and Korea, in 2023-24, according to official data. India's total trade deficit in the last fiscal narrowed to $238.3 billion as against $264.9 billion in the previous fiscal. Economic think tank Global Trade Research Initiative said …

EAM Jaishankar Says India’s spike in trade with Russia not a ‘temporary phenomenon
7 months, 1 week ago

EAM Jaishankar Says India’s spike in trade with Russia not a ‘temporary phenomenon

The Hindu  

India's rise in trade with Russia should not be seen as a "temporary phenomenon" as more economic opportunities are emerging, India's Foreign Minister said on Friday. India and Russia have a close relationship stretching back decades, and New Delhi has refused to condemn Moscow over its February 2022 invasion of Ukraine, urging the two sides to end the conflict through …

India saved USD 13 billion by importing discounted Russian crude
7 months, 3 weeks ago

India saved USD 13 billion by importing discounted Russian crude

New Indian Express  

NEW DELHI: India has saved around $13 billion by importing discounted crude oil from Russia in the past two years, according to a study by ICRA, the rating agency. According to energy cargo tracker Vortexa, India received 1.36 million barrels of crude oil per day from Russia in March 2024, compared to 1.27 million barrels per day in February 2024. …

No sanctions against India for purchasing, refining Russian oil: U.S. Treasury officials
8 months, 2 weeks ago

No sanctions against India for purchasing, refining Russian oil: U.S. Treasury officials

The Hindu  

April 04, 2024 07:55 pm | Updated 09:51 pm IST - NEW DELHI Striking a conciliatory note on India’s imports of Russian oil, U.S. Treasury department officials visiting Delhi said on April 4 that the aim of U.S. sanctions and the oil “price cap” was not to limit the purchase of Russian ‘Ural’ oil, but to limit the revenues made …

US has not asked India to reduce Russian oil imports: Officials
8 months, 2 weeks ago

US has not asked India to reduce Russian oil imports: Officials

Hindustan Times  

NEW DELHI: The US has not asked India to reduce its imports of Russian oil and the price cap and sanctions regime imposed by the G7 are aimed at squeezing Moscow’s profits from crude sales and impeding its ability to finance the war in Ukraine, two US officials said on Thursday. Russian oil is priced above $60 a barrel The …

’My friend...’: Russian FM lauds Jaishankar’s response on oil import
9 months, 2 weeks ago

’My friend...’: Russian FM lauds Jaishankar’s response on oil import

Live Mint  

Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov has praised an old remark made by India's External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar at the United Nations. Lavrov at the World Youth Forum in Russia's Sochi called Jaishankar "My friend" and heaped praises on the Indian minister for navigating bilateral ties between New Delhi and Moscow amid the Ukraine war. Russian oil import According to …

Petroleum exports drop sharply as West tightens squeeze on Russia
10 months ago

Petroleum exports drop sharply as West tightens squeeze on Russia

Live Mint  

NEW DELHI: Earnings from petroleum shipments fell steeply in April-January FY24 due to the global economic slowdown, a rise in domestic consumption, and shrinking discounts on Russian oil. According to data from the government’s Niryat portal, earnings from exports of chemicals and petroleum products stood at $67.11 billion in the April-January FY24 period, down 11.29% from $75.65 billion in the …

India reduces import of Russian crude oil over pricing
11 months, 1 week ago

India reduces import of Russian crude oil over pricing

Hindustan Times  

Indian refiners have significantly cut Russian crude imports and plan to further decrease shipments from the sanctions-hit country after Moscow steeply reduced discounts from about $10 a barrel to around $2 in recent months, at least four people directly aware of the development said. Indian oil companies have decided to cut crude imports from Russia because of only one reason, …

In Moscow to meet Putin and Lavrov, India’s foreign minister praises growing trade
11 months, 3 weeks ago

In Moscow to meet Putin and Lavrov, India’s foreign minister praises growing trade

Associated Press  

MOSCOW — India’s foreign minister met Wednesday with Russian President Vladimir Putin, who said relations between the countries are progressing even amid turbulent times. At the start of the meeting, Putin said he would inform the Indian diplomat about the fighting in Ukraine, on which Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has held a neutral stance. “I know about his desire …

Russia minister says oil supplies to India increased to 40 percent since Ukraine war
11 months, 3 weeks ago

Russia minister says oil supplies to India increased to 40 percent since Ukraine war

Hindustan Times  

Moscow: Russia's deputy prime minister Alexander Novak said on Wednesday his country has redirected most its oil supplies towards India and China after the West enforced economic sanctions against it over the Ukraine war. "China -- whose share has grown to 45-50 percent -- and India have become our main partners in the current situation," Novak was quoted as saying …

The turning tides of US sanctions: India caught between a rock and a hard place
1 year ago

The turning tides of US sanctions: India caught between a rock and a hard place

Live Mint  

The recent escalation of US sanctions against Russia seems to have significant consequences for the Indian market. In the context of the US' secondary sanctions targeting Russia, India too can resort to such countermeasures to provide an avenue of insulation for its fiscal priorities and market interests. Forms of countermeasures Bilateral negotiations and conditional waivers The US government can authorize …

Ascent of yuan in India’s indirect trade with Russia
1 year, 2 months ago

Ascent of yuan in India’s indirect trade with Russia

Live Mint  

NEW DELHI : India’s trade with Russia in yuan is gathering pace as Russian exporters prefer being paid in the Chinese currency, two people close to the matter said. Russian exporters trading with India through Singapore and Dubai prefer the Chinese currency with greater global acceptance, one of the two people said on condition of anonymity. On 15 January, Mint …

US checks if foreign banks followed cap on Russia oil
1 year, 2 months ago

US checks if foreign banks followed cap on Russia oil

Live Mint  

A US government office is checking whether foreign banks operating in the US conformed to the G7 price cap of $60 a barrel for Russian oil, a person aware of the matter said. The US treasury department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control has sought details of Russian oil purchases by including those by Indian entities in the last few months, …

Buy ships to transport energy: Govt to oil cos
1 year, 3 months ago

Buy ships to transport energy: Govt to oil cos

Live Mint  

NEW DELHI : India’s public sector oil and gas companies are looking at purchasing ships to transport oil and gas following a Union government directive aimed to ensure energy security, two people aware of the development said. The move comes at a time of rising crude prices, a price cap on Russian oil, and a bar on the use of …

India-Russia Trade: 70 Years On, Ties Still Strong And Growing. But A Balancing Act Is Needed Now
1 year, 3 months ago

India-Russia Trade: 70 Years On, Ties Still Strong And Growing. But A Balancing Act Is Needed Now

ABP News  

A recent statement by Russian Trade Representative Alexander Rybas, on the 70th anniversary of commercial ties between Russia and India, highlighted the need for increasing bilateral trade, which in the changing geopolitical framework assumes significance with the rise of China, US’s indeterminate Indo-Pacific policy, and a multi-polar Asian paradigm. Several questions arise regarding the history of India-Russia trade relations, the …

Is India's Reliance on Russian Oil Imports Reaching a Limit
1 year, 5 months ago

Is India's Reliance on Russian Oil Imports Reaching a Limit

News 18  

India’s imports of oil from Russia reached a new height as New Delhi’s daily volumes climbed to 2.2 million barrels a day in June. News18 takes a look at India’s oil trade with Russia and the future possibilities: Rapid Rise of Russian Oil India, the world’s third largest consumer of crude, bought nearly 2 million barrels per day of Russian …

Russia oil discount to India shrinks to $4, delivery charges remain opaque
1 year, 5 months ago

Russia oil discount to India shrinks to $4, delivery charges remain opaque

India TV News  

The steep discounts on Russian crude oil that India gorged on since the Ukraine war, have plunged but the shipping rates charged by Russia-arranged entities continue to remain 'opaque' and higher than normal, sources said. The discounts could have been higher if state controlled units, who account for roughly 60 per cent of the 2 million barrels per day of …

Explained | Why are India-Russia trade payments in crisis?
1 year, 5 months ago

Explained | Why are India-Russia trade payments in crisis?

The Hindu  

July 09, 2023 03:45 am | Updated 04:21 pm IST The story so far: As India continues to import oil from Russia, it is getting tougher for the country to pay for it. On the one hand, it faces repercussions of breaching the oil price cap of $60 a barrel put in place by the U.S. and European nations as …

India's Campaign To Boost Rupee In Cross-Border Payments Gets Off To A Tepid Start: Report
1 year, 5 months ago

India's Campaign To Boost Rupee In Cross-Border Payments Gets Off To A Tepid Start: Report

ABP News  

In cross-border payments, India’s year-old campaign to boost the role of rupee has made little progress, citing people privy to the development news agency Bloomberg reported on Friday. The Reserve Bank of India has allowed more than a dozen banks to settle trades in rupees with 18 countries since last year and is encouraging big oil exporters such as the …

Cheap Russian oil helps India widen petro product exports
1 year, 5 months ago

Cheap Russian oil helps India widen petro product exports

Live Mint  

New Delhi: India has massively expanded export markets for its refined petro products in the last one year, commerce ministry data for April showed, thanks to discounted Russian oil that came gushing in the wake of the Ukraine war. The rise in oil exports to European countries could be attributed to the European Union’s decision to place a ban on …

What to know about India's ties with Russia
1 year, 6 months ago

What to know about India's ties with Russia

The Hindu  

June 22, 2023 12:38 pm | Updated 02:06 pm IST - NEW DELHI Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to Washington in June was expected to reduce India's dependence on Moscow for arms, economic ties and technology as New Delhi and Washington try to strengthen the Quad partnership, which also includes Japan and Australia, to contain growing aggression from China. Here's …

India, China bought 80% of Russia's oil in May: International Energy Agency
1 year, 6 months ago

India, China bought 80% of Russia's oil in May: International Energy Agency

The Hindu  

India and China, the world's top oil users, continued to lap up heavily discounted Russian crude oil, buying as much as 80% of the oil that Moscow exported in May, the International Energy Agency said in a report. India has increased purchases from almost nothing to close to 2 million barrels per day, while China has raised liftings by 5,00,000 …

India, China bought 80% of Russia's oil in May: Report
1 year, 6 months ago

India, China bought 80% of Russia's oil in May: Report

India TV News  

India and China, the world's top oil users, continued to lap up heavily discounted Russian crude oil, buying as much as 80 per cent of the oil that Moscow exported in May, the International Energy Agency said in a report. Russia-origin seaborne crude exports averaged 3.87 million barrels per day in May, the highest since Russia invaded Ukraine in February …

Sanctions on Russia may not be working, we now know why
1 year, 6 months ago

Sanctions on Russia may not be working, we now know why

Al Jazeera  

European businesses and third countries are actively circumventing sanctions, providing Russia with sanctioned goods and thus helping its war effort. On February 25, 2022, a day after Russia undertook a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the European Union introduced unprecedented sanctions against the aggressor. Its analysis of customs data from 12 EU countries, Norway, the UK, the US and Japan shows …

India's import of Russian oil scales new high in May
1 year, 6 months ago

India's import of Russian oil scales new high in May

The Hindu  

India's import of cheap Russian oil scaled another record in May, 2023 and is now more than the combined oil bought from Saudi Arabia, Iraq, UAE and the U.S., industry data showed. Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, mainly in the Middle East and Africa, made up for as much as 90% of all crude oil India imported at one …

China, India receive record Russian crude oil in May: data
1 year, 6 months ago

China, India receive record Russian crude oil in May: data

The Hindu  

Russian crude oil imports by China and India in May hit an all-time high as buyers gorged on discounted supplies, reducing demand for oil from the Middle East and Africa, according to preliminary assessments from ship trackers. 3 crude importers and top buyers of Russian oil imported about 110 million barrels in May, data from Vortexa and Kpler showed, up …

Russia pressurising India to avoid being placed on FATF's blacklist; Will India take any steps to save Moscow?
1 year, 6 months ago

Russia pressurising India to avoid being placed on FATF's blacklist; Will India take any steps to save Moscow?

India TV News  

In a major development, the Financial Action Task Force which leads global action to tackle money laundering, terrorist and proliferation financing, is mulling to put Russia on the "black list" amid the ongoing war against its neighbouring country, Ukraine. Although it sounds quite familiar amid the fact the intergovernmental organisation had removed Moscow from the list of member counties in …

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