The two vaccines that brought us to the brink of eradicating polio | Explained
8 months, 3 weeks ago

The two vaccines that brought us to the brink of eradicating polio | Explained

The Hindu  

In 1948, microbiologists John F. Enders, Thomas Weller, and Frederick Robbins were trying to find a method to grow different viruses in cell cultures. The poliovirus has only one natural host — humans — and many of the early strains of the virus were isolated from humans and wouldn’t infect non-human primates. Striking at ground zero Soon after Salk made his inactivated polio vaccine, Albert Sabin developed another vaccine that contained live polio strains weakened by growing them serially in macaque cells, making them unfit for human infection. Since Sabin’s vaccine contained live virus particles, it had to rely on its natural mode of infection and was therefore administered orally. On the other hand, the IPV, while being a less potent vaccine, contained inactivated virus particles and carried no risk of causing vaccine-induced polio.

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History of this topic

History Today: When Dr Jonas Salk announced the cure for polio
3 days, 11 hours ago

History Today: When Dr Jonas Salk announced the cure for polio

Firstpost  

On March 26, 1953, Dr Jonas Salk announced that he had successfully developed a cure for polio. Today, he is remembered as a great scientist and humanitarian On March 26, Dr Jonas Salk successfully tested a vaccine for polio on himself and his family. It was on this day in 1953 that Dr Jonas Salk announced that he had successfully …

Breakthrough in next-generation polio vaccine. It is safer and cheaper
2 weeks, 4 days ago

Breakthrough in next-generation polio vaccine. It is safer and cheaper

India Today  

A more affordable and safer polio vaccine could soon be available, according to a study led by the University of Leeds. ALL ABOUT THE NEW BREAKTHROUGH VACCINE The new virus-like particles vaccine offers a safer and cheaper alternative to inactivated polio vaccine and oral polio vaccine. “This research brings us closer to a cost-effective and safe vaccine that can be …

What to know about polio vaccines, in 4 charts
1 month, 3 weeks ago

What to know about polio vaccines, in 4 charts

CNN  

CNN — While Robert F. Kennedy Jr., President Donald Trump’s pick to lead the US Department of Health and Human Services, has backpedaled on his anti-vaccine rhetoric during his Senate confirmation hearings, he has a long history of vaccine skepticism. Kennedy, the son of former US attorney general, senator and presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy, has written multiple anti-vaccine books, …

Letters to the Editor: I’m a polio survivor. RFK Jr. shouldn’t have say in the nation’s health policies
3 months, 1 week ago

Letters to the Editor: I’m a polio survivor. RFK Jr. shouldn’t have say in the nation’s health policies

LA Times  

To the editor: I am a survivor of bulbar polio; I contracted it when I was 5 years old in 1946. I knew my children and countless others would never face what I went through, or face death or an iron lung. I can’t describe how angry I was to find out that an advisor to Robert Kennedy Jr. is …

Column: The latest evidence that putting RFK Jr. in charge of public health would be a disaster
3 months, 1 week ago

Column: The latest evidence that putting RFK Jr. in charge of public health would be a disaster

LA Times  

Polio came for 5-year-old Lynn Lane when she was visiting her grandmother in rural Indiana. “I’m not in a wheelchair yet,” said Lane, who uses leg braces and crutches, “but it’s heading that way.” The idea that anyone would question the polio vaccine now, she said, “makes me nuts.” Last week, the New York Times reported that in 2022, Robert …

'Stop messing with things': CNN conservative panics over RFK Jr. blowing it with senators
3 months, 2 weeks ago

'Stop messing with things': CNN conservative panics over RFK Jr. blowing it with senators

Raw Story  

Conservative CNN contributor Shermichael Singleton implored Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Friday to extricate himself from the efforts of a key adviser to get the FDA to revoke the decades-old polio vaccine approval. Appearing with host John Berman, Singleton was asked about a report in the New York Times that RFK Jr's advisor, Aaron Siri, "is waging war against vaccines of …

RFK Jr.’s lawyer petitions the FDA to revoke its approval of the polio vaccine
3 months, 2 weeks ago

RFK Jr.’s lawyer petitions the FDA to revoke its approval of the polio vaccine

Salon  

Aaron Siri, the lawyer for Robert F. Kennedy Jr. — President-elect Donald Trump’s presumptive nominee for Secretary of Health and Human Services — petitioned the federal government on Friday to revoke its approval of the polio vaccine. “I love Aaron Siri,” Kennedy said in a clip played on a recent episode of a podcast hosted by Informed Consent Action Network …

Polio: All you need to know about the viral disease
1 year ago

Polio: All you need to know about the viral disease

Hindustan Times  

At its worst, polio causes paralysis: 'Polio Paul' Alexander had to spend 70 years in an iron lung after surviving the disease as a child. There are two types of polio present in the world today: Wild poliovirus and vaccine-derived poliovirus. Although vaccine-derived polio can take the form of any of the three types, type 1 is the only remaining …

Column: Trump and RFK Jr. want to make the world safe again for polio and measles. You should be terrified
1 year ago

Column: Trump and RFK Jr. want to make the world safe again for polio and measles. You should be terrified

LA Times  

Iron lungs are lined up in an emergency polio ward in Boston during the 1955 polio outbreak. — David Oshinsky, “Polio: An American Story” That includes 10 cases in Florida, where public health comes under the jurisdiction of Surgeon General Joseph Ladapo, a leading quack and established anti-vaccine activist. At a campaign rally in Richmond, Va., on Feb. 2, he …

Jonas Salk, the man who cured polio, "would be shocked" by anti-vaxxers, experts say
1 year, 4 months ago

Jonas Salk, the man who cured polio, "would be shocked" by anti-vaxxers, experts say

Salon  

Polio is a highly infectious viral disease that invades the nervous system and can trigger total paralysis in a matter of hours. Salk's work "was supported by the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, better known as the March of Dimes," Jacobs told Salon by email. Salk "would be shocked" by the rise of the contemporary anti-vaccine movement, said Dr. Paul …

The case for India switching from the oral to the inactivated polio vaccine
1 year, 8 months ago

The case for India switching from the oral to the inactivated polio vaccine

The Hindu  

This article is a response to ‘The case for the oral polio vaccine in the world’s quest for eradication’, July 21, 2023, by Vipin M. Vashishtha and Puneet Kumar. Also, India has remained polio-free since January 2011 even as wild poliovirus and VDPV cases have been reported in Pakistan and Afghanistan, thanks to high polio vaccine coverage here. The need …

The case for the oral polio vaccine in the world’s quest for eradication
1 year, 8 months ago

The case for the oral polio vaccine in the world’s quest for eradication

The Hindu  

This article is a response to ‘Unethical to continue using polio-causing oral polio vaccines’, July 15, 2023, by R. Prasad. One is the oral polio vaccine, a live attenuated vaccine, meaning it contains weakened polioviruses to induce an immune response in a human body without causing disease. The OPV is also easier to manufacture as the “seed virus” required for …

Unethical to continue using polio-causing oral polio vaccines
1 year, 8 months ago

Unethical to continue using polio-causing oral polio vaccines

The Hindu  

In 1988, the World Health Assembly declared WHO’s commitment to global eradication of polio by 2000. Though the last case of type 2 wild poliovirus was reported in October 1999 from India, more than 90% of vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks are due to type 2 virus present in oral polio vaccines. Yet, the number of vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus outbreaks have …

Explained | Is there a need for an extra dose of polio vaccine?
2 years, 1 month ago

Explained | Is there a need for an extra dose of polio vaccine?

The Hindu  

The story so far: The West Bengal government announced that it was introducing an additional dose of injectable polio vaccine as part of the Universal Immunisation Programme for children. An additional dose of inactivated poliovirus at nine months will protect against any polio thereafter — Vaccine Associated Paralytic Polio or Vaccine Derived Polioviruses, explains T. Jacob John, noted virologist and …

Fears of a polio resurgence in the US have health officials on high alert – a virologist explains the history of this dreaded disease
2 years, 6 months ago

Fears of a polio resurgence in the US have health officials on high alert – a virologist explains the history of this dreaded disease

The Hindu  

Fears of polio gripped the US in the mid-20th century. Since then, collective fear of the virus has been mostly lost to history – many people alive today are lucky enough not to know someone who has experienced polio. So when news broke in July 2022 that an unvaccinated adult man in New York had contracted polio – the first …

Polio Is Back in the US and UK. Here’s How That Happened
2 years, 7 months ago

Polio Is Back in the US and UK. Here’s How That Happened

Wired  

The discovery that polio has partially paralyzed a young man in a New York suburb feels wearying, yet shocking. “We have been saying that until we can get this fully eradicated, we are all at risk.” Public health experts consider this an emergency, because polio paralysis cases represent the tip of an immunological iceberg: For every person paralyzed, at least …

Polio in US, UK and Israel reveals rare risk of oral vaccine
2 years, 7 months ago

Polio in US, UK and Israel reveals rare risk of oral vaccine

Associated Press  

LONDON — For years, global health officials have used billions of drops of an oral vaccine in a remarkably effective campaign aimed at wiping out polio in its last remaining strongholds — typically, poor, politically unstable corners of the world. Since 2017, there have been 396 cases of polio caused by the wild virus, versus more than 2,600 linked to …

Polio in US, UK and Israel reveals rare risk of oral vaccine
2 years, 7 months ago

Polio in US, UK and Israel reveals rare risk of oral vaccine

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Since 2017, there have been 396 cases of polio …

Fauci says polio would still exist in the US if the ‘false information’ currently being spread existed decades ago
3 years, 8 months ago

Fauci says polio would still exist in the US if the ‘false information’ currently being spread existed decades ago

CNN  

CNN — If the health misinformation currently spreading regarding coronavirus vaccines existed during the days of polio, it would have never been eradicated, Dr. Anthony Fauci, President Joe Biden’s chief medical adviser, said Saturday. Asked by CNN’s Jim Acosta about the misinformation spread by Fox News regarding the Covid-19 vaccines, Fauci said, “We probably would still have polio in this …

Polio was eliminated in the Asia-Pacific. Then it suddenly came back
3 years, 9 months ago

Polio was eliminated in the Asia-Pacific. Then it suddenly came back

ABC  

One morning in April 2018, six-year-old Gafo woke up with aching legs. "This case was notified as the first polio case since 1992 in Malaysia," Dr Miraj says. Despite the small risk of vaccine-derived outbreaks, the oral polio vaccine is still being used in several countries because it has other major advantages, epidemiologist Meru Sheel says. "One of the reasons …

Fact check | History shows India did not lack access to vaccines as claimed by PM Modi
3 years, 9 months ago

Fact check | History shows India did not lack access to vaccines as claimed by PM Modi

The Hindu  

Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s speech on Monday presented a view of India’s vaccination history that is at odds with the facts. Smallpox vaccine A vaccine for smallpox, as a history of vaccination in India published in the Indian Journal of Medical Research, by Dr. Chandrakant Lahariya, in 2012, says was first administered to a three-year-old Indian, in 1802, a mere …

How past vaccine races can help win this one
4 years, 1 month ago

How past vaccine races can help win this one

Live Mint  

It is safe, effective, and potent.” In 1955, those were the words that told the world U.S. scientist Jonas Salk’s polio shot was a success. One official quoted in David Oshinsky’s “Polio: An American Story” suggested that an allocation program would “constitute an undesirable precedent.” Shortages plagued the early years of the campaign, as did inequities in access at a …

What Really Happened With the “Cutter Incident,” When a Bad Batch of Polio Vaccine Paralyzed Kids
4 years, 1 month ago

What Really Happened With the “Cutter Incident,” When a Bad Batch of Polio Vaccine Paralyzed Kids

Slate  

As the United States struggles to distribute and administer COVID-19 vaccines, we’re looking back at the history of vaccine rollouts in our country, including the logistical roadblocks to shots and communicating with a fearful public. I sent Charlotte DeCroes Jacobs, a historian and medical doctor whose books include the biography Jonas Salk: A Life, some questions about the surprising level …

From Polio To The COVID Vaccine, Dr. Peter Salk Sees Great Progress
4 years, 3 months ago

From Polio To The COVID Vaccine, Dr. Peter Salk Sees Great Progress

NPR  

From Polio To The COVID Vaccine, Dr. Peter Salk Sees Great Progress Enlarge this image toggle caption AP AP Editor's Note: As this year winds down, we're looking back at some people we spoke to earlier in 2020, when the coronavirus pandemic was in its early stages. When I spoke to Dr. Peter Salk back in May, he told me …

World Polio Day 2020: Everything You Need to Know About Polio
4 years, 5 months ago

World Polio Day 2020: Everything You Need to Know About Polio

News 18  

World Polio Day is observed every year on 24 October to commemorate the birth of Jonas Salk, the American virologist who helped create the world’s first safe and effective polio vaccine. Salk’s vaccine was invented in 1955 but it was with the establishment of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative in 1988 by the World Health Organization, Rotary International and others …

Q&A: ‘We can eradicate polio from the world’
4 years, 5 months ago

Q&A: ‘We can eradicate polio from the world’

Al Jazeera  

Nigerian doctor Tunji Funsho talks to Al Jazeera about immunisation efforts in Africa, which was declared wild polio-free this year. Last month, Dr Tunji Funsho, a cardiologist based in Lagos, Nigeria, was named one of TIME magazine’s 100 most influential people of the year for his work in eradicating wild polio in Africa. Al Jazeera spoke to Funsho, chair of …

Vaccinations, polio and COVID-19: a personal reflection
4 years, 5 months ago

Vaccinations, polio and COVID-19: a personal reflection

Salon  

He was the cutest little boy. Dr. Jonas Salk and the live polio vaccine My brother had the bad luck of being in the very last group of children to be stricken prior to the mass distribution of the Salk vaccine. A national parental concern My brother was born in that "cruelest month" of April — on April 26, 1952, …

Africa wins battle against wild poliovirus, WHO announces; threat of vaccine-derived polio persists
4 years, 7 months ago

Africa wins battle against wild poliovirus, WHO announces; threat of vaccine-derived polio persists

Firstpost  

Polio is a highly contagious virus and was endemic around the world until a vaccine was found in the 1950s. On Tuesday, 25 August, the Independent Africa Regional Certification Commission for Polio Eradication and the World Health Organization made a joint announcement that the African continent is now free of the wild poliovirus, after decades of work to eradicate it. …

Decades-old Soviet studies hint at possible strategy to curb coronavirus: Repurposing existing vaccines
4 years, 9 months ago

Decades-old Soviet studies hint at possible strategy to curb coronavirus: Repurposing existing vaccines

Firstpost  

A Soviet-era polio vaccine is gaining renewed attention from researchers as a possible weapon against the new coronavirus, based in part on research done by their mother, Dr Marina Voroshilova Moscow: To the boys, it was just a sugary treat. “I was eating it from the hands of my mother.” Today, that same vaccine is gaining renewed attention from researchers …

The Race For A Polio Vaccine Differed From The Quest To Prevent Coronavirus
4 years, 10 months ago

The Race For A Polio Vaccine Differed From The Quest To Prevent Coronavirus

NPR  

The Race For A Polio Vaccine Differed From The Quest To Prevent Coronavirus Enlarge this image toggle caption AP AP COVID-19 isn't the first health crisis the United States has faced that experts say a vaccine will be needed to resolve: In the 1950s, people lived in fear their children might be stricken with infantile paralysis, better known as polio …

Trump vs Roosevelt: How the US once led a fight against a deadly virus but is losing it today
4 years, 10 months ago

Trump vs Roosevelt: How the US once led a fight against a deadly virus but is losing it today

The Independent  

The two epidemics that have most terrified the US in the last 100 years are Covid-19 today and the devastating polio epidemic that ravaged the country for 40 years between the New York polio epidemic of 1916 and the successful use of the Salk vaccine after 1955. open image in gallery Franklin Roosevelt exercising in the walking court at Warm …

The Trump administration’s ludicrous approach to coronavirus vaccine (opinion)
5 years ago

The Trump administration’s ludicrous approach to coronavirus vaccine (opinion)

CNN  

Editor’s Note: Jeffrey Sachs is a professor and director of the Center for Sustainable Development at Columbia University. Jeffrey Sachs Courtesy Jeffrey Sachs Here is Azar’s astounding statement regarding the development of a coronavirus vaccine: “Frankly, this has such global attention right now and the private market players, major pharmaceutical players as you’ve heard, are engaged in this, that we …

The War on Polio Just Entered Its Most Dangerous Phase
55 years, 2 months ago

The War on Polio Just Entered Its Most Dangerous Phase

Wired  

The oral vaccine also confers immunity in a less predictable manner. But it also means that a child who has received the weakened vaccine virus can pass the protective variety along instead, making them a secondary source of protection for other children who didn’t receive the drops. Roughly once out of every 2.5 million doses given, the weakened vaccine virus …

World Polio Day: Newly designed vaccine may help stamp out remaining polio cases worldwide
5 years, 5 months ago

World Polio Day: Newly designed vaccine may help stamp out remaining polio cases worldwide

Firstpost  

Editor’s Note: This story was originally published on 30 September 2019 and has been republished in light of World Polio Day on 24 October 2019. The Sabin vaccine, which is taken orally, is composed of live but weakened viruses that won’t sicken recipients but will still create lasting immunity against polio. However, through genetic changes, the weakened vaccine virus can …

Sabin’s solution for polio
5 years, 5 months ago

Sabin’s solution for polio

The Hindu  

The World Health Organisation, along with its partner Global Polio Eradication Initiative, is on a mission to reach every last child with polio vaccine, thereby ensuring a polio-free world for the generations to come. Salk’s vaccine proved to be safe and effective, even though it had to be injected every three years or so, and started winning over people in …

Call to standardise Sabin IPV
6 years, 8 months ago

Call to standardise Sabin IPV

The Hindu  

Medical experts and representatives of pharmaceutical organisations called for standardising the Sabin inactivated polio vaccine, here on Wednesday. A global workshop organised by the Seattle-based not-for-profit PATH is underway in the city to chalk out a plan that would eventually lead to standardisation of the Sabin inactivated vaccine. The Sabin IPV, in contrast to the original IPV, comprises inactivated polio …

Salk’s drop of health
6 years, 9 months ago

Salk’s drop of health

The Hindu  

Even as recent as six decades ago, poliomyelitis was a dreaded, infectious and potentially fatal disease that paralysed its victims. Jonas Salk is the American medical researcher and virologist who discovered and developed the first successful polio vaccine in 1952. Progress By June 1954, 1.8 million children and adults, called polio pioneers, volunteered to be injected with Salk’s vaccine in …

From the Archives: Polio immunization
6 years, 9 months ago

From the Archives: Polio immunization

LA Times  

Feb. 25, 1957: Manuel Reyes, 7, peeks apprehensively between fingers at a needle just before getting his polio shot at Castelar Street School as two little girls await their turn. In 1957, the city of Los Angeles Health Department opened a drive to immunize 300,000 children against polio. This photo by staff photographer Garry Watson became lead Page One art …

Health workers in Syria rush to vaccinate 320,000 children amid sudden polio outbreak
7 years, 8 months ago

Health workers in Syria rush to vaccinate 320,000 children amid sudden polio outbreak

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Health officials in Syria are …

What is vaccine-derived polio? The last stumbling block in the worldwide fight to eradicate the disease
8 years, 1 month ago

What is vaccine-derived polio? The last stumbling block in the worldwide fight to eradicate the disease

The Independent  

Sign up to our free Living Well email for advice on living a happier, healthier and longer life Live your life healthier and happier with our free weekly Living Well newsletter Live your life healthier and happier with our free weekly Living Well newsletter SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. …

Polio then and now: the story of a crippling disease on the verge of worldwide eradication
8 years, 1 month ago

Polio then and now: the story of a crippling disease on the verge of worldwide eradication

The Independent  

Sign up to our free Living Well email for advice on living a happier, healthier and longer life Live your life healthier and happier with our free weekly Living Well newsletter Live your life healthier and happier with our free weekly Living Well newsletter SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. …

Vaccine shortage threatens polio eradication
8 years, 2 months ago

Vaccine shortage threatens polio eradication

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. “We are projecting now that we won’t have the …

Scientists develop safer polio vaccine strains for post-eradication era
9 years, 2 months ago

Scientists develop safer polio vaccine strains for post-eradication era

Live Mint  

London: Scientists have developed a new generation of polio vaccine strains that are both effective and unable to cause the disease in case of an accidental or intended release of the virus. Live attenuated vaccine strains carry genetic mutations that prevent them from causing disease, but they can — in rare cases — revert to more dangerous virus. Arguing that …

Jonas Salk's Polio Vaccine Makes A Comeback
9 years, 11 months ago

Jonas Salk's Polio Vaccine Makes A Comeback

NPR  

Jonas Salk's Polio Vaccine Makes A Comeback Enlarge this image toggle caption K.M. For many people, it seems like a relic — isn't the oral version, not the injectable, the vaccine that's supposed to end polio within a few years? "With the introduction of injectable polio vaccine, we are one step closer to seeing this disease ended for good," said …

Jonas Salk 100th Birthday: Polio vaccine developer's extraordinary achievement celebrated with a Doodle
10 years, 5 months ago

Jonas Salk 100th Birthday: Polio vaccine developer's extraordinary achievement celebrated with a Doodle

The Independent  

Sign up to our free weekly IndyTech newsletter delivered straight to your inbox Sign up to our free IndyTech newsletter Sign up to our free IndyTech newsletter SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Google has celebrated the 100th birthday of Dr Jonas Salk, the American scientists …

On Jonas Salk’s 100th birthday, a celebration of his polio vaccine
10 years, 5 months ago

On Jonas Salk’s 100th birthday, a celebration of his polio vaccine

LA Times  

Few scientific achievements have had as swift and dramatic effect — and been surrounded by as much myth — as the development of the polio vaccine by Jonas Salk, who would have turned 100 on Tuesday. Murrow asked, guilelessly, “Who owns the patent on this vaccine?” Salk responded with a line that would become world famous: “Well, the people, I …

Two years without polio
12 years, 2 months ago

Two years without polio

The Hindu  

In the 1980s, only three decades ago, 200,000 to 400,000 children, all under 5 years, were afflicted with polio paralysis annually in India. Vaccine viruses are ‘attenuated’ from wild viruses — which means they have lost most of their ‘virulence,’ the ability to cause paralysis and the ability to spread fast among children. From 1994, India began nationwide OPV campaigns …

Health Experts: One last push needed to eliminate polio(视频)
12 years, 6 months ago

Health Experts: One last push needed to eliminate polio(视频)

China Daily  

Get Flash Player Get Flash Player Download The three countries where polio is still endemic - Nigeria, Pakistan, and Afghanistan - are conducting aggressive immunization campaigns to vaccinate more children against the disease. “We have the highest population immunity throughout the entire world right now, and we are really talking about just a few districts and a few countries with …

A new type of polio vaccine on the cards
13 years, 7 months ago

A new type of polio vaccine on the cards

The Hindu  

Oral vaccines have played huge part in the global battle to wipe out polio. “In countries or continents where wild polio viruses have been eliminated, there should be a transition from OPV to inactivated polio virus vaccine.” Many industrialised countries had already made this shift, he pointed out. Employees will not be exposed to the wild-type polio strains and accidental …

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