Worries as avian flu virus breaches species barriers
Hindustan TimesIn the span of a month, H5N1 has killed three tigers and a leopard in India, 11 house cats in California, and forced a teenage girl in Canada onto life support. The virus, which is better known as the avian influenza virus and is mostly prevalent in birds, spreading through dairy farms across America for much of 2024, appears to be breaching species barriers with increasing ease. “If there’s anything to worry about, it should be avian influenza that is seeing a jump from birds to animals to humans,” said Anurag Agrawal, dean of BioSciences and Health Research at Ashoka University’s Trivedi School of Biosciences. The virus continued its march through American dairy farms, with two more herds in California testing positive on New Year’s Day, bringing the total to 915 affected herds across 16 states. “The mutations evident in the Canadian case highlight the urgent need for vigilant surveillance of emerging mutations and assessment of the threat of human-to-human transmission,” said an accompanying editorial in NEJM, pointing to critical weaknesses in current monitoring efforts: genomic sequencing data from animals often lacks crucial metadata about where and when samples were collected, limiting scientists’ ability to track the virus’s spread and evolution.