New 10% quota will create social equity, says PM
5 years, 11 months ago

New 10% quota will create social equity, says PM

The Quint  

Ahmedabad, Jan 17 Prime Minister Narendra Modi said here on Thursday that the 10 per cent reservation for the economically weak sections among the general categories would usher in social equality and remove mutual distrust among various communities. Modi said it was the "strong political will" of the BJP government that made it possible to implement the decision to provide 10 per cent reservation on economic criteria. He announced that the 10 per cent reservation would be made effective from the current academic year itself and the students belonging to the economically weak category in some 900 universities and 40,000 colleges across the county would benefit from it. Modi stated that the 10 per cent reservation was over and above the 49 per cent existing reservation benefits to the weaker sections of the society.

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History of this topic

Kashmir’s New Reservation Policy 2024: How 69% Population Got 40% Quota
2 weeks, 1 day ago

Kashmir’s New Reservation Policy 2024: How 69% Population Got 40% Quota

The Hindu  

Published : Dec 26, 2024 20:27 IST - 6 MINS READ Ishfaq Ahmad, 36, recently completed his PhD in political science from the University of Kashmir. But his hopes were dashed: The Lieutenant Governor -led administration implemented a new reservation policy, which reduced the general merit quota to just 40 per cent from 50 per cent. Noor Ahmad Baba, formerly …

NCP and Shiv Sena Clash Over Reservation Quota in Education and Government Jobs
3 months, 1 week ago

NCP and Shiv Sena Clash Over Reservation Quota in Education and Government Jobs

New Indian Express  

NCP leader Sharad Pawar urges the Centre to increase reservation in education and government jobs beyond the existing 50 per cent cap. Pawar argues that granting reservation to Marathas could violate the rights of other communities and that a constitutional amendment may be necessary to raise the quota cap.

Rahul Gandhi clarifies quota remark, says 'Congress will take reservation above 50%'
3 months, 4 weeks ago

Rahul Gandhi clarifies quota remark, says 'Congress will take reservation above 50%'

Firstpost  

Gandhi, who was on a three-day visit to the US, said on Wednesday, ‘Yesterday someone misrepresented my statement that I am against reservation. We will take reservations beyond the limit of 50 per cent’ Days after his remark on reservation stirred controversy, Leader of Opposition Rahul Gandhi clarified his statement saying that what he meant was that the Congress Party …

What Next? Quotas in Cricket Team?
4 months, 1 week ago

What Next? Quotas in Cricket Team?

News 18  

Congress leader Rahul Gandhi has become obsessed with caste, so much so that he seems to be outdoing the Mandal-Lohia brand of leaders whose casteist approach in politics has done immense harm to the country. Union Minister Kiren Rijiju rightly slammed the Leader of the Opposition for refusing to “see first tribal President, OBC PM, record numbers of SC/ST Cabinet …

The Patna HC judgment on reservation and its implications on future quota policies
6 months, 2 weeks ago

The Patna HC judgment on reservation and its implications on future quota policies

Hindustan Times  

Recently, the Patna High Court in Gaurav Kumar and Others vs State of Bihar and Ors. After independence, Articles 15 and 16 of the Constitution of India laid down measures for reservations for the backward classes, where, Article 15 talks about educational institutions, though the word “adequate” is not used, however in Article 16, the provision reserves adequate representation and …

DC Edit | Thorny quota for Marathas
10 months, 2 weeks ago

DC Edit | Thorny quota for Marathas

Deccan Chronicle  

Any extension of quotas, besides being subject to legal scrutiny, is bound to be contentious and basically unfair to other groups that may be similarly placed as the Marathas in Maharashtra. The Maharashtra government, under Eknath Shinde, was pressured by the clamour for this 10 per cent quota for Marathas, more so with the agitation of the prominent campaigner Manoj …

In Bihar, reservation now at 75%. What about Supreme Court's 50% cap?
1 year, 2 months ago

In Bihar, reservation now at 75%. What about Supreme Court's 50% cap?

Firstpost  

The Supreme Court in its landmark 1992 judgment in the Indra Sawhney vs Union of India — popularly known as the Mandal Commission verdict – capped reservation for the backward class in government jobs and educational institutions at 50 per cent. The Kumar government’s decision also takes Bihar’s reservation quota past the 50 per cent camp imposed by the Supreme …

Bihar assembly unanimously passes bill for 65% caste reservation
1 year, 2 months ago

Bihar assembly unanimously passes bill for 65% caste reservation

Op India  

Bihar Assembly has passed the ‘Reservation Amendment Bill’ to raise reservations for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes and Extremely Backward Classes in state jobs and educational institutions to 65% on 9 November. On November 7, the Bihar Cabinet approved the initiative to enhance the state’s quotas for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes. It is clear …

Bihar assembly passes bill to hike quotas for SCs, STs & backward classes to 65 per cent, surpasses SC's 50 per cent cap
1 year, 2 months ago

Bihar assembly passes bill to hike quotas for SCs, STs & backward classes to 65 per cent, surpasses SC's 50 per cent cap

Firstpost  

The Caste Survey report revealed that OBCs and the extremely backward classes sub-group account for a whopping 63 per cent of the state’s total of 13.07 crore, while SCs and STs together were slightly over 21 per cent. The Bihar Assembly on Thursday unanimously passed a bill to raise the quota for SCs, STs, Other Backward Classes, Extremely Backward Classes …

Bihar: Nitish Kumar proposes to increase reservation quota from 50% to 75% after caste survey results
1 year, 2 months ago

Bihar: Nitish Kumar proposes to increase reservation quota from 50% to 75% after caste survey results

Op India  

On 7th November, Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar presented a detailed report of the caste-based census in the Legislative Assembly. While tabling the detailed caste census report in the state assembly, he said, “Quotas for Other Backward Classes, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes need to be raised. According to the caste survey, Yadavs have the highest population among OBCs and …

Maratha Quota Stir: A Long-Drawn Politico-Legal Battle, Now a Ticking Time Bomb
1 year, 4 months ago

Maratha Quota Stir: A Long-Drawn Politico-Legal Battle, Now a Ticking Time Bomb

The Quint  

Veteran leader Sharad Pawar of the Nationalist Congress Party has demanded that the Centre remove the 50 per cent cap on quota and raise it by 15-16 per cent to accommodate more communities. State Congress Chief Nana Patole wants the special session of Parliament meeting this month to address the issue. "The BJP has had a significant majority government at …

Centre should remove 50% cap on reservation, raise it by 15-16% to accommodate more communities: Sharad Pawar
1 year, 4 months ago

Centre should remove 50% cap on reservation, raise it by 15-16% to accommodate more communities: Sharad Pawar

The Hindu  

Amid protests demanding reservation for Marathas, the Nationalist Congress Party president Sharad Pawar on Tuesday told the Centre to remove the 50% cap on reservation in the country and raise it by 15-16% to accommodate more communities. Addressing a news conference at Jalgaon, Mr. Pawar said, “Some people say that making more people beneficiaries of the OBC quota is injustice …

Quick edit: Manipur message
1 year, 8 months ago

Quick edit: Manipur message

Live Mint  

The violence in Manipur over a proposed change in reservation eligibility reveals not just job scarcity, an all-India problem, but the need for a conversation on affirmative action that rises above group interests. A proposal to extend a tribal quota to Meiteis, who make up the state’s majority, is being resisted by Kukis and Nagas, who are currently eligible for …

Bhatti slams Amit Shah for remarks on Muslim quota
1 year, 8 months ago

Bhatti slams Amit Shah for remarks on Muslim quota

Deccan Chronicle  

KARIMNAGAR: CLP leader Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka called Union home minister Amit Shah's statement that the BJP will scrap 4 per cent reservations for Muslims in Telangana if the party forms government a "drop of poison" meant to cause unrest in a state where people live in peace and communal harmony. Bhatti stated that the Congress government provided 4 percent reservations …

Karnataka says 4% quota for Muslims was shifted'
1 year, 9 months ago

Karnataka says 4% quota for Muslims was shifted'

Deccan Chronicle  

NEW DELHI: As the Karnataka government’s move to scrap four per cent reservation for Muslims kicked off a firestorm across the southern state, state government officials claimed that the reservation has “not been scrapped, but only shifted”. It was being claimed that by moving the community to the EWS category, “Muslims will now be in a grouping which has 10 …

Karnataka decides to abolish 4 per cent reservation for minorities
1 year, 9 months ago

Karnataka decides to abolish 4 per cent reservation for minorities

Deccan Chronicle  

Bengaluru: The Karnataka government has announced its decision to scrap the four per cent quota for minorities and add it to the existing quota of two dominant communities of the poll-bound state. The 4 per cent reservation given to Muslims under 2B classification of the OBC category will now be divided into two equal parts and added to the existing …

Manish Tewari | What about merit... and equality of opportunity?
2 years, 1 month ago

Manish Tewari | What about merit... and equality of opportunity?

Deccan Chronicle  

The Supreme Court's judgment in Janhit Abhiyan vs Union of India upheld the One Hundred and Third Amendment to the Constitution of India. The majority, led by Justice Dinesh Maheshwari, held that a) economic criteria can be the sole basis of reservations; b) EWS reservation can be applied to private unaided institutions; c) that exclusion of socially and educationally backward …

'For how many generations will reservations continue?', SC on Maratha quota case
3 years, 9 months ago

'For how many generations will reservations continue?', SC on Maratha quota case

Firstpost  

New Delhi: For how many generations would reservations in jobs and education continue, the Supreme Court sought to know during the Maratha quota case hearing on Friday and raised concerns over “resultant inequality” in case the overall 50 percent limit was to be removed. A five-judge Constitution bench headed by Justice Ashok Bhushan was vehemently told by senior advocate Mukul …

For How Many Generations Reservations in Jobs and Education Will Continue, Says SC
3 years, 9 months ago

For How Many Generations Reservations in Jobs and Education Will Continue, Says SC

News 18  

For how many generations would reservations in jobs and education continue, the Supreme Court sought to know during the Maratha quota case hearing on Friday and raised concerns over resultant inequality in case the overall 50 per cent limit was to be removed. A five-judge Constitution bench headed by Justice Ashok Bhushan was vehemently told by senior advocate Mukul Rohatgi, …

State will recommend SC to remove 50% cap on reservation: CM Soren
3 years, 9 months ago

State will recommend SC to remove 50% cap on reservation: CM Soren

Hindustan Times  

The Jharkhand government will inform the Supreme Court that the state was a votary to remove the 50% cap on reservation in government jobs to those belonging to Scheduled Tribe, Scheduled Caste and Other Backward Categories, chief minister Hemant Soren said on Friday. HT Image Responding to budgetary discussions in the state Assembly, the CM chief said the apex court …

Relaxation of 50% cap on reservation for Marathas in Maharashtra unwarranted, rules SC
4 years, 4 months ago

Relaxation of 50% cap on reservation for Marathas in Maharashtra unwarranted, rules SC

The Hindu  

The Supreme Court on Wednesday in a judgment expressed the prima facie opinion that the relaxation of the 50% cap on reservation for the Maratha community in Maharashtra is unwarranted. “Applying the law laid down by this Court in Indra Sawhney, we are of the prima facie opinion that the State of Maharashtra has not shown any extraordinary situation for …

No Extraordinary Situation Shown To Provide Reservations To Marathas By Relaxing 50% Ceiling Limit, Says SC [Read Judgment]
4 years, 4 months ago

No Extraordinary Situation Shown To Provide Reservations To Marathas By Relaxing 50% Ceiling Limit, Says SC [Read Judgment]

Live Law  

Maratha community which comprises of 30 per cent of the population in the State of Maharashtra cannot be compared to marginalized sections of the society living in far flung and remote areas, the Supreme Court bench observed while referring the Maratha quota case to larger bench. The bench comprising of Justices L. Nageswara Rao, Hemant Gupta and S. Ravindra Bhat …

Supreme Court on Maratha reservation: Apex court stays 2018 law granting community quotas in education, jobs
4 years, 4 months ago

Supreme Court on Maratha reservation: Apex court stays 2018 law granting community quotas in education, jobs

Firstpost  

The bench referred the pleas questioning the law’s validity to a larger Constitution Bench to be set up by Chief Justice of India SA Bobde New Delhi: The Supreme Court Wednesday stayed the implementation of 2018 Maharashtra law granting reservation to Marathas in education and jobs but made it clear that the status of those who have availed of the …

West Bengal becomes fourth state to exceed SC's 50% cap on reservations after TMC govt announces EWS quota
5 years, 6 months ago

West Bengal becomes fourth state to exceed SC's 50% cap on reservations after TMC govt announces EWS quota

Firstpost  

The TMC government’s decision of adding a 10 percent quota for EWS now takes the total quota beyond the 50 percent cap, mandated by the Supreme Court. Kolkata: The Mamata Banerjee government’s announcement of 10 percent reservation in government jobs and educational institutions for the economically weaker sections in the general category makes West Bengal the fourth state after Tamil …

Maratha quota row: Bombay HC upholds reservation for community, but says 16 percent figure not justified
5 years, 6 months ago

Maratha quota row: Bombay HC upholds reservation for community, but says 16 percent figure not justified

Firstpost  

The Bombay High Court on Thursday upheld the constitutional validity of reservation for the Maratha community in government jobs and education Mumbai: The Bombay High Court on Thursday upheld the constitutional validity of reservation for the Maratha community in government jobs and education but said the quota should be reduced from the present 16 per cent to 12 to 13 …

Is there a problem with the 10% quota?
5 years, 9 months ago

Is there a problem with the 10% quota?

The Hindu  

In January, the Rajya Sabha passed the Constitution Amendment Bill guaranteeing 10% quota in education and employment to economically weaker sections in the general category. EBC students had already secured about three times the proposed quota of 10% without any reservation in top higher education institutions. In private educational institutions ranked by the NIRF, their share was as low as …

‘10% quota a step towards casteless society’
5 years, 9 months ago

‘10% quota a step towards casteless society’

The Hindu  

The 10% quota law is a step towards a classless and casteless society, the Union government has indicated in the Supreme Court. The Constitution Act, 2019, was meant “to benefit the economically weaker sections of society who were not covered by the existing schemes of reservation.” It said the law was meant to benefit a “large section of the population …

Supreme Court seeks Centre's response on fresh plea against 10 percent quota to general category poor
5 years, 11 months ago

Supreme Court seeks Centre's response on fresh plea against 10 percent quota to general category poor

Firstpost  

The apex court, which had earlier issued a notice to the Centre on similar petitions, Friday ordered tagging of the fresh plea of Tehseen Poonawalla with pending ones. New Delhi: The Supreme Court on Friday sought a response from the Centre on a fresh plea challenging its decision to grant 10 percent reservation in jobs and admissions to general category …

Implement 10% quota for poor: Centre directs educational institutions
5 years, 11 months ago

Implement 10% quota for poor: Centre directs educational institutions

India Today  

All educational institutes and universities have been directed by the centre to implement 10 per cent reservation for economically weak in general category in the upcoming educational year. Office memorandum to implement 10 per cent quota: "The government has issued an office memorandum to implement 10 per cent reservation. About 10 per cent quota: Parliament has recently passed the Constitution …

10% reservation for general category poor possible due to political will, says Narendra Modi
5 years, 11 months ago

10% reservation for general category poor possible due to political will, says Narendra Modi

Hindustan Times  

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Thursday said the Constitutional amendment to provide 10 per cent reservation to economically poor in the general category was achieved due to the political will of his government and would be implemented from this academic year. Addressing a gathering after inaugurating the 1,500 bed Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Medical Science and Research, PM Narendra …

Quota in private educational institutes: Opposition from sector, threat of student protests may keep reservation at bay
5 years, 11 months ago

Quota in private educational institutes: Opposition from sector, threat of student protests may keep reservation at bay

Firstpost  

There are arguments both for and against reservations in jobs and educational institutes in the private sector, but currently, it appears that there are a number of hindrances that may keep the government’s pre-poll promise at bay. It’s the day anti-reservationists feared the most — the government has announced its decision to bring in quota in the private sector. Javadekar …

After EWS quota, only 10 per cent of India is left out
5 years, 11 months ago

After EWS quota, only 10 per cent of India is left out

Deccan Chronicle  

Not so well-off upper caste Hindus, Muslims and Christians, who have so far not benefited from “reservations” or quotas, woke up last week to a pleasant surprise — now they had all been included! Three decades earlier, in 1990, Prime Minister Vishwanath Pratap Singh used the recommendations of the Mandal Commission Report 1980 to provide an additional reservation of 27 …

Prakash Javadekar says 10% quota for economically weaker in general category to be implemented from 2019 academic year
5 years, 11 months ago

Prakash Javadekar says 10% quota for economically weaker in general category to be implemented from 2019 academic year

Firstpost  

The 10 percent quota is meant for individuals belonging to economically weaker sections whose parental annual earning is not more than Rs 8 lakh and possess less than five acres of agriculture land. New Delhi: Ten percent reservation for the poor falling under the ambit of general category will be implemented in all educational institutions from the academic year 2019 …

25% more seats in higher education to implement 10% quota for poor: Centre
5 years, 11 months ago

25% more seats in higher education to implement 10% quota for poor: Centre

India Today  

Union Minister for Human Resource Development Prakash Javadekar said on Tuesday that the 10 per cent quota for the economically weaker section will be applicable to all higher education institutions -- private and government -- from the upcoming academic session. According to a PTI report, the HRD Ministry announced on Tuesday that it will implement 10 per cent reservation from …

10% quota to be implemented in 40,000 colleges, about 900 universities in India: Prakash Javadekar
5 years, 11 months ago

10% quota to be implemented in 40,000 colleges, about 900 universities in India: Prakash Javadekar

India Today  

Terming the Modi government's decision to provide 10-per cent reservation for economically backward section in general category a move towards social justice, Union HRD Minister Prakash Javadekar said, "thousands of seats will be there in higher education institutions under the new category from the next academic session." Bill passed by President Ram Nath Kovind President Ram Nath Kovind has given …

Gujarat to implement 10% quota law for general category 'poor' from today; Congress criticises 'hurried announcement'
5 years, 11 months ago

Gujarat to implement 10% quota law for general category 'poor' from today; Congress criticises 'hurried announcement'

Firstpost  

Ahmedabad: The Gujarat government said on Sunday that it will implement the 10 percent reservations in government jobs and higher education for the economically backward sections in the general category from 14 January. The Constitutional amendment to provide the 10 percent quota received assent of President Ram Nath Kovind on Saturday. “The economically-weaker sections from the general category will get …

Here are 4 lies being spread about 10% reservation to the economically backward section of society
6 years ago

Here are 4 lies being spread about 10% reservation to the economically backward section of society

Op India  

The Narendra Modi government, in a historic move, introduced the 124th constitutional amendment that paved the way for 10% reservation to economically backward people. Upper Caste Reservation: Constitutional amendment and road ahead simplifiedhttps://t.co/WiJF4oejMN pic.twitter.com/GVM1PTrOz8 — Financial Express January 9, 2019 Quota for upper castes cleared so rapidly, but women’s reservation bill pending for last 9 years! https://t.co/4NxvsOQ3Ub — nikhil wagle …

10% reservation for the poor: Contrary to claims, here is why it might not encroach on the 50% reservation cap
6 years ago

10% reservation for the poor: Contrary to claims, here is why it might not encroach on the 50% reservation cap

Op India  

The Modi government, in a landmark decision, introduced the 124th Constitutional Amendment Bill that provided for 10% reservation for economically backward classes that have not been included in any reservation category so far. The judgement read Thus, it stands to reason that the basis of the Court striking down the 10% reservation for economically backward categories was solely on the …

Ten questions on 10 per cent reservation
6 years ago

Ten questions on 10 per cent reservation

Deccan Chronicle  

So, the game-changer is here. The Parliament has passed the 124th constitution amendment bill of Modi Government bringing in 10 per cent quota for the economically deprived non-reserved category citizens of India. First, with just 90 days to go for the General Elections in India, a major policy issue like additional 10 per cent reservation, and for the first time …

Quota questions: on 10% reservations
6 years ago

Quota questions: on 10% reservations

The Hindu  

Rattled by the erosion in upper caste votes in the recent Assembly elections in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, the BJP government has attempted to recover this traditional vote base through an unapologetic political manoeuvre. Even if it is arguable that such a move will create deserving opportunities to those outside the purview of caste-based reservations, in Indira Sawhney a …

The Hindu Explains: The new 10% quota, its implications, and more
6 years ago

The Hindu Explains: The new 10% quota, its implications, and more

The Hindu  

Who will the new 10% quota apply to? If the Supreme Court indeed agrees to lift the 50% cap, all States of India can extend the quantum of reservation and “upper castes” will stand to lose in State services. If the Supreme Court rejects the idea of breaching the 50% cap, Economically Weaker Section quotas can be provided only by …

10 per cent quota Modi govt's gift to youths from poor families; opposition should learn lesson: Amit Shah
6 years ago

10 per cent quota Modi govt's gift to youths from poor families; opposition should learn lesson: Amit Shah

India TV News  

Bharatiya Janata Party president Amit Shah on Tuesday described the Modi government's decision to grant 10 per cent quota to economically weaker sections from the general category as a "gift" to youths from poor families and said it is a lesson for political parties doing appeasement politics for years. The decision to give 10 per cent reservation to poor youths …

Election stunt, says Mayawati on Centre's move to give 10pc quota to economically weak
6 years ago

Election stunt, says Mayawati on Centre's move to give 10pc quota to economically weak

India TV News  

BSP chief Mayawati said Tuesday the Union Cabinet's decision to provide 10 per cent reservation in education and government jobs to the economically weaker sections was an "election stunt and political gimmick" of the BJP. "BSP's demand to provide reservation to the economically backward sections in general category is approved by the Cabinet in an immature way and without preparation. …

10% quota for economically weaker upper caste: Political ploy is only way to bring desired change to polarised polity
6 years ago

10% quota for economically weaker upper caste: Political ploy is only way to bring desired change to polarised polity

Firstpost  

Narendra Modi government’s decision to amend the Constitution to provide 10 percent quota for economically weaker sections of the upper caste has generated a lot of heat and dust. Narendra Modi government’s decision to amend the Constitution to provide 10 percent reservation in college admissions and government jobs for so-called economically weaker sections of people who are not covered by …

Election stunt, says Mayawati on Centre's move to give 10pc quota for upper caste
6 years ago

Election stunt, says Mayawati on Centre's move to give 10pc quota for upper caste

Deccan Chronicle  

Lucknow: BSP chief Mayawati said Tuesday the Union Cabinet's decision to provide 10 per cent reservation in education and government jobs to the economically weaker sections was an "election stunt and political gimmick" of the BJP. "BSP's demand to provide reservation to the economically backward sections in general category is approved by the Cabinet in an immature way and without …

Modi govt's decision on 'economically backward' quota unlikely to withstand judicial scrutiny, may also be politically counterproductive
6 years ago

Modi govt's decision on 'economically backward' quota unlikely to withstand judicial scrutiny, may also be politically counterproductive

Firstpost  

The timing of the Narendra Modi government’s announcement of the proposed quota formula is certainly a matter of suspicion. The Centre’s decision to introduce ten percent reservation for economically backward sections of society is fraught with several implementation challenges, which may lead to its misuse and abuse. Moreover, the overall quota would go beyond the constitutionally laid limit of fifty …

With 10% quota for poor, reservation in Maharashtra to go up to 78%
6 years ago

With 10% quota for poor, reservation in Maharashtra to go up to 78%

India Today  

Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis on Tuesday cleared the air on the implementation of 10 per cent reservation for the poor from the upper caste Hindus and other religions. Fadnavis confirmed that the 10 per cent quota for poor from the upper caste will be implemented in the state. Fadnavis also confirmed that the Marathas would not be able to …

Cabinet approves 10 per cent quota for economically backward upper castes
6 years ago

Cabinet approves 10 per cent quota for economically backward upper castes

The Quint  

New Delhi, Jan 7 With an eye on the upper caste vote in the coming Lok Sabha elections, the Union Cabinet on Monday approved 10 per cent reservation for economically backward people in the general category in jobs and educational institutions, a decision that came under attack from the Opposition which described it as an election gimmick aimed at misleading …

Govt approves 10% quota for upper castes: Forget the politics of it, income-based reservation is the way ahead
6 years ago

Govt approves 10% quota for upper castes: Forget the politics of it, income-based reservation is the way ahead

Firstpost  

Every policy announcement by the government just months ahead of a major election will be seen through the prism of politics. Hence, the easy explanation to Narendra Modi government’s decision to offer reservation in jobs and education to economically weaker upper castes is that it is a smart political tactic by BJP to allay the concerns of upper castes and …

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