Sunak supporters express alarm at tax-cutting plan amid market turmoil
2 years, 3 months ago

Sunak supporters express alarm at tax-cutting plan amid market turmoil

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. “For the good of our country, and the livelihoods of everyone in our country, I still hope to be proven wrong.” While free-marketeers within Tory ranks were buoyed by Mr Kwarteng’s £45 billion package of tax cuts set out on Friday, it had been labelled a “gamble” by some economists even before the chaos in the currency markets. On Tuesday, Mel Stride, a former Sunak backer and the Conservative chairman of the Treasury Select Committee, warned that the plan was putting “in jeopardy” the Tories’ reputation for financial competency. “Supply-side reforms that it’s looking at bringing forward to try and convince the markets that this push towards growth is something that is realistic.” He added: “I think we are where we are, it’s not where I would be in the first instance… the bit that I do have some issues with, I have to say, is unfunded tax cuts of the kind of order that we’re looking at here and that really I think is the part that has spooked the markets, because those tax cuts have got to be paid for.” Other senior Conservative figures had already expressed some concern about the unexpected package of measures. Former deputy prime minister Damian Green also told GB News “there’s more to conservatism than tax cutting” and said with a general election in two years things “have to happen quickly”.

Market Tax Conservative Tory Tax Cuts  plan  breaking  warned  country  sign  markets  turmoil  supporters  think  sunak  amid  alarm  express  market  tax  free  taxcutting  cuts

History of this topic

Sunak warns Labour government would be ‘disaster’ as he battles to save campaign
6 months, 2 weeks ago

Sunak warns Labour government would be ‘disaster’ as he battles to save campaign

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Please try again later {{ /verifyErrors }} Rishi Sunak will …

Glum Conservatives in U.K. try to shift the mood with promises as polls near
6 months, 4 weeks ago

Glum Conservatives in U.K. try to shift the mood with promises as polls near

The Hindu  

U.K. Prime Minister Rishi Sunak on Tuesday implored British voters, and his own party, to throw him a lifeline in the July 4 election, putting the promise of lower taxes at the heart of the Conservative Party’s election manifesto. Mr. Sunak acknowledged that “people are frustrated with our party and frustrated with me,” but argued that the Conservatives are “the …

Rishi Sunak’s final election gamble: I’ll cut taxes by £17bn and migration by 50%
6 months, 4 weeks ago

Rishi Sunak’s final election gamble: I’ll cut taxes by £17bn and migration by 50%

The Independent  

Rishi Sunak drew comparisons with his predecessor Liz Truss and her disastrous mini-Budget as he unveiled a manifesto containing £17bn of tax cuts. But Mr Sunak’s manifesto drew criticism from economists and was lampooned by Labour, whose analysis suggested it amounted to at least £71bn of “unfunded pledges”, including the £17bn of tax cuts. open image in gallery Rishi Sunak …

Sunak has showered voters with promises he knows he will never deliver
6 months, 4 weeks ago

Sunak has showered voters with promises he knows he will never deliver

The Independent  

The launch of the Conservative Party manifesto today – with the promise of tax cuts worth £17.2bn a year by the end of the next five-year parliament – represented Rishi Sunak’s last throw of the dice. The prime minister tried to transform the election into a battle over tax, offering another two percentage point cut in employees’ national insurance contributions …

UK’s glum Conservatives try to shift the mood with a promise of tax cuts as polling day nears
6 months, 4 weeks ago

UK’s glum Conservatives try to shift the mood with a promise of tax cuts as polling day nears

Associated Press  

LONDON — Prime Minister Rishi Sunak on Tuesday implored British voters, and his own party, to throw him a lifeline in the U.K.'s election, pledging to cut taxes and reduce immigration if his Conservative Party is reelected on July 4. With the Conservatives trailing the left-of-center Labour Party in opinion polls, Sunak acknowledged that “people are frustrated with our party …

Treasury rubbishes Rishi Sunak’s £2,000 tax hike election TV debate claim
7 months ago

Treasury rubbishes Rishi Sunak’s £2,000 tax hike election TV debate claim

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. In the first televised clash of the general election campaign, Mr Sunak repeatedly pointed to …

Rishi Sunak’s tax bombshell has blown up in his face
7 months ago

Rishi Sunak’s tax bombshell has blown up in his face

The Independent  

After last night’s TV debate, relieved Conservatives claimed Rishi Sunak had detonated another “Labour tax bombshell” with his repeated claim that the party’s £38.5bn of unfunded spending commitments would cost every working household £2,000. Sunak’s tax attack captured today’s front-page headlines and it might plant some seeds of doubt about Labour among the wavering Tory voters Starmer wants to win. …

Dramatic Tory party faithful's S.O.S to Rishi Sunak: Give us tax cuts NOW to avoid massive wipeout at the election
7 months, 1 week ago

Dramatic Tory party faithful's S.O.S to Rishi Sunak: Give us tax cuts NOW to avoid massive wipeout at the election

Daily Mail  

Rattled Tories have demanded Rishi Sunak cut taxes to 'save the party from oblivion' after the latest polling claimed they are heading for an unprecedented Election defeat. Rattled Tories have demanded Rishi Sunak cut taxes to 'save the party from oblivion' after the latest polling claimed they are heading for an unprecedented Election defeat Popular Conservatism, a Right-wing movement launched …

Rishi Sunak tax cuts won’t ease burden, economists warn, as national insurance rate drops
1 year ago

Rishi Sunak tax cuts won’t ease burden, economists warn, as national insurance rate drops

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. It came as Labour accused Mr Sunak of offering voters a “raw deal”, claiming the …

Sunak says he is working towards an election in the second half of the year
1 year ago

Sunak says he is working towards an election in the second half of the year

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Mr Sunak dangled the prospect …

Tax cuts ‘start of a journey’, says Sunak
1 year, 1 month ago

Tax cuts ‘start of a journey’, says Sunak

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Please try again later {{ …

Britain’s Conservative government pushes tax cuts in hopes of bolstering electoral chances
1 year, 1 month ago

Britain’s Conservative government pushes tax cuts in hopes of bolstering electoral chances

Associated Press  

LONDON — Britain’s Conservative government sought to regain the political initiative Wednesday with a series of tax cuts for businesses and individuals that it hopes will bolster its chances in a national election next year that opinion polls suggest it will lose. Treasury chief Jeremy Hunt said the British economy “had turned a corner,” with inflation and government borrowing down, …

Sunak to cut benefits for long-term sick unless they seek to work from home
1 year, 1 month ago

Sunak to cut benefits for long-term sick unless they seek to work from home

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Rishi Sunak will threaten to cut benefit payments to hundreds of …

Sunak to give update on state of the nation’s finances ahead of autumn statement
1 year, 1 month ago

Sunak to give update on state of the nation’s finances ahead of autumn statement

The Independent  

Get the free Morning Headlines email for news from our reporters across the world Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. “It requires enormous discipline year in, year out.” The one thing we won’t do …

Sunak vows to cut taxes but warns: ‘We can’t do everything at once’
1 year, 1 month ago

Sunak vows to cut taxes but warns: ‘We can’t do everything at once’

The Telegraph  

Rishi Sunak has vowed to cut tax and reward hard work in a speech on the economy ahead of the Autumn Statement. He said he would do so in a “serious, responsible” way and that “we can’t do everything all at once”, while emphasising the need for tax cuts to help boost economic growth and the “supply side” of the …

Boost for Rishi Sunak as he meets pledge to halve inflation
1 year, 1 month ago

Boost for Rishi Sunak as he meets pledge to halve inflation

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Rishi Sunak received a much-needed boost as inflation fell to 4.6 …

Sunak resists calls to announce pre-election tax giveaway to boost Tory hopes
1 year, 3 months ago

Sunak resists calls to announce pre-election tax giveaway to boost Tory hopes

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. As the Tories gather in …

Economic boost for Sunak - but fresh tax cuts calls erupt
1 year, 3 months ago

Economic boost for Sunak - but fresh tax cuts calls erupt

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Treasury minister Andrew Griffith said they were "not for the moment" when asked about the …

Sunak set to preside over biggest set of tax rises since WWII, experts say
1 year, 3 months ago

Sunak set to preside over biggest set of tax rises since WWII, experts say

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy The current parliament will have presided over the biggest set of …

Rishi Sunak warned benefit cut would be ‘morally bankrupt and economically illiterate’
1 year, 4 months ago

Rishi Sunak warned benefit cut would be ‘morally bankrupt and economically illiterate’

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Please try again later {{ /verifyErrors }} Rishi Sunak refused …

Sunak says ‘our plan is working’ ahead of by-election test
1 year, 5 months ago

Sunak says ‘our plan is working’ ahead of by-election test

The Independent  

Get the free Morning Headlines email for news from our reporters across the world Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. The Prime Minister said the fall in inflation was proof that the Government’s plan …

The fall in inflation is a boost for Sunak – but it leaves him no wriggle room
1 year, 5 months ago

The fall in inflation is a boost for Sunak – but it leaves him no wriggle room

The Independent  

Today’s bigger than expected fall in inflation is welcome news, but Rishi Sunak cannot celebrate – for there is a growing recognition among ministers that inflation has blown a hole in his general election strategy. Core inflation, which excludes items such as food and fuel, dropped from 7.1 per cent to 6.9 per cent, though it is still sticky, and …

Rishi Sunak signals no tax cuts before next election amid inflation fears
1 year, 5 months ago

Rishi Sunak signals no tax cuts before next election amid inflation fears

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has hinted that voters should not expect …

No ‘headroom’ to talk tax cuts, Treasury minister tells Tory MPs
1 year, 6 months ago

No ‘headroom’ to talk tax cuts, Treasury minister tells Tory MPs

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Tory MPs clamouring for tax …

Rishi Sunak plotting autumn 2024 election ‘after income tax cut’
1 year, 8 months ago

Rishi Sunak plotting autumn 2024 election ‘after income tax cut’

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. A senior government source told the newspaper: “It’s all about …

Sunak and Jeremy Hunt 'think the unthinkable' to fill '£60bn' black hole
2 years, 2 months ago

Sunak and Jeremy Hunt 'think the unthinkable' to fill '£60bn' black hole

Daily Mail  

Lowering threshold for top rate or even increasing it from 45p to 50p on table Rishi Sunak looking to raise more money from top earners to help balance books A raid on top earners, 'stealth' hikes for ordinary workers and higher council tax is on the cards as Rishi Sunak and Jeremy Hunt scramble to balance the government's books. There …

How Sunak's war on wealth risks reversing a 50-year march towards democratic capitalism
2 years, 2 months ago

How Sunak's war on wealth risks reversing a 50-year march towards democratic capitalism

The Telegraph  

When Jeremy Hunt looks down the list of options for raising revenue in the Autumn Statement, many theoretical options will already be crossed out in red ink. And the big three revenue generators of income tax, National Insurance and VAT are already off the table if the government wants to keep to its manifesto pledges. But, critics say, he has …

Sunak sees climate credentials questioned amid windfall tax speculation
2 years, 2 months ago

Sunak sees climate credentials questioned amid windfall tax speculation

The Independent  

Get the free Morning Headlines email for news from our reporters across the world Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Rishi Sunak’s climate credentials were under scrutiny on Friday after …

Which policies will Rishi Sunak retain and which ones might he bin?
2 years, 2 months ago

Which policies will Rishi Sunak retain and which ones might he bin?

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Mr Sunak, who entered Downing Street on Tuesday after …

What Rishi Sunak predicted about Liz Truss’s ‘fairytale’ economic plans
2 years, 3 months ago

What Rishi Sunak predicted about Liz Truss’s ‘fairytale’ economic plans

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Rishi Sunak is reported to be avoiding Conservative party conference this …

Kwarteng hints at more tax cuts to come as he rules out government borrowing limit
2 years, 3 months ago

Kwarteng hints at more tax cuts to come as he rules out government borrowing limit

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Kwasi Kwarteng has hinted at more tax cuts ahead – and …

‘Complacent & irresponsible’ : Rishi Sunak's warning for Liz Truss in UK PM race
2 years, 4 months ago

‘Complacent & irresponsible’ : Rishi Sunak's warning for Liz Truss in UK PM race

Hindustan Times  

Rishi Sunak, the underdog in the UK Conservative leadership race, has warned that the next prime minister faces the risk of markets losing confidence in Britain’s economy. But in an interview with the Financial Times published Tuesday night, Sunak said he “struggled to see” how Truss’s tax and spending commitments “add up,” warning it would be “complacent and irresponsible” for …

Sunak would back rival’s economic plans despite labelling them a ‘moral failure’
2 years, 4 months ago

Sunak would back rival’s economic plans despite labelling them a ‘moral failure’

The Independent  

For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Please try again later {{ …

Rishi Sunak claims Liz Truss's stance will leave MILLIONS at risk of 'real destitution'
2 years, 4 months ago

Rishi Sunak claims Liz Truss's stance will leave MILLIONS at risk of 'real destitution'

Daily Mail  

Tory leadership candidates Liz Truss and Rishi Sunak tonight continued their fierce clashes over how they would deal with the cost-of-living crisis if they become prime minister. Elsewhere at tonight's event: Ms Truss promised to lift the ban on fracking so it can take place in areas with local support; She left open the possibility of leaving the European Convention …

Sunak promises new cost-of-living help worth ‘a few billions’
2 years, 4 months ago

Sunak promises new cost-of-living help worth ‘a few billions’

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Subjected to a TV grilling by the BBC’s Nick Robinson, Mr Sunak said he felt …

Sunak tries to close the gap on rival in UK leadership race
2 years, 5 months ago

Sunak tries to close the gap on rival in UK leadership race

Associated Press  

LONDON — Rishi Sunak, one of the two contenders to replace British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, on Monday defended his decision to quit the government and help end Johnson’s scandal-tarnished leadership. Allies of Johnson accuse Sunak of treachery for stepping down as U.K. Treasury chief last month as the government floundered amid ethics scandals, with a resignation letter, saying “we …

British PM candidate Rishi Sunak vows 20% cut to UK income tax within 7 years
2 years, 5 months ago

British PM candidate Rishi Sunak vows 20% cut to UK income tax within 7 years

Live Mint  

Rishi Sunak, trailing in the race to become the next UK prime minister, committed to reducing personal taxes by 20% within seven years in a move he described as the largest cut to income tax in three decades. Sunak said he would cut the basic rate to 16 pence per pound from 20 pence-- amounting to a 20% tax reduction …

British PM candidate Rishi Sunak vows 20% income tax cut by 2029
2 years, 5 months ago

British PM candidate Rishi Sunak vows 20% income tax cut by 2029

The Hindu  

Rishi Sunak, trailing in the race to become Britain's next prime minister, has vowed to slash the basic rate of income tax by 20% by 2029 in a potentially make-or-break throw of the dice by the former finance minister. Mr. Sunak said he remained focused on tackling inflation but once that was achieved he would follow through on an already-announced …

Rishi Sunak hopes 4p income tax cut promise will close ground on Liz Truss
2 years, 5 months ago

Rishi Sunak hopes 4p income tax cut promise will close ground on Liz Truss

The Telegraph  

In promising to deliver “the biggest income tax cut since Margaret Thatcher’s government”, Rishi Sunak is inviting direct comparisons between himself and his great hero Lord Lawson. Mr Sunak has accused Ms Truss of “fairy tale” economics for wanting to cut tax, so supporters of Ms Truss will no doubt accuse him of desperation in announcing his own plan to …

Rishi Sunak promises biggest income tax cut in 30 years
2 years, 5 months ago

Rishi Sunak promises biggest income tax cut in 30 years

The Telegraph  

Rishi Sunak has promised the biggest income tax cut in 30 years, vowing to slash the basic rate from 20 per cent to 16 per cent if he becomes prime minister. Mr Sunak’s campaign argued that the move was consistent with his previous stances, given the tax cut would only be adopted once inflation drops and would not be funded …

Liz Truss is 'more in touch with the public's concerns' than Rishi Sunak, poll of Tory voters finds
2 years, 5 months ago

Liz Truss is 'more in touch with the public's concerns' than Rishi Sunak, poll of Tory voters finds

Daily Mail  

Liz Truss is 'more in touch with the British public's concerns' than Tory leadership rival Rishi Sunak, according to a poll of Conservative voters taken after the latest debate between the two candidates to be the country's next Prime Minister. The poll, carried out by Opinium, found that 38 percent of Tory voters said the Foreign Secretary is most in …

Sunak accused of U-turn after pledge to cut VAT on energy bills
2 years, 5 months ago

Sunak accused of U-turn after pledge to cut VAT on energy bills

The Independent  

Get the free Morning Headlines email for news from our reporters across the world Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Since the start of the contest, Mr Sunak has repeatedly accused Ms Truss of …

Rishi Sunak, Liz Truss spar in TV debate over economic policies, tax plans
2 years, 5 months ago

Rishi Sunak, Liz Truss spar in TV debate over economic policies, tax plans

India TV News  

Highlights The survey of 1,032 British adults held that voters could not decide between Sunak and Truss Data showed that 41% of Opposition Labour Party voters thought Sunak did better The same data showed 30% preferred Truss over Sunak Rishi Sunak and Foreign Secretary Liz Truss on Tuesday went head-to-head in their first television debate as finalists for UK's prime …

Rishi Sunak accused of 'throwing red meat to socialists' with windfall tax
2 years, 7 months ago

Rishi Sunak accused of 'throwing red meat to socialists' with windfall tax

The Telegraph  

Tory MPs have warned Rishi Sunak that his windfall tax on oil and gas giants could stifle economic growth as the Chancellor was accused of “throwing red meat to socialists”. Mr Sunak announced he is imposing a tax on the excess profits of energy firms to fund a new Government spending spree to help struggling households cope with the cost-of-living …

Rishi Sunak could introduce 1p income tax cut this year
2 years, 7 months ago

Rishi Sunak could introduce 1p income tax cut this year

Daily Mail  

Rishi Sunak is considering bringing forward a 1p income tax cut and increasing the warm home discount by hundreds of pounds amid urgent calls for the Government to tackle the cost of living crisis. Also, the basic rate of income tax cut from 20p to 19p is set to take effect in April 2024, but Treasury sources said Mr Sunak …

Rishi Sunak threatens oil and gas giants with windfall tax on profits
2 years, 8 months ago

Rishi Sunak threatens oil and gas giants with windfall tax on profits

The Telegraph  

Mr Sunak also strongly hinted that he would do more to help families if there is another sharp jump in household bills in October, when the energy price cap is expected to rise again. Mr Sunak, who is said to be personally worth £200 million after a career as a hedge fund manager, pleaded to be judged on his work, …

Chancellor has made an ‘historic mistake’ and families will suffer, says Labour
2 years, 9 months ago

Chancellor has made an ‘historic mistake’ and families will suffer, says Labour

The Independent  

Get the free Morning Headlines email for news from our reporters across the world Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email Sign up to our free Morning Headlines email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy policy Rachel Reeves has accused Rishi Sunak of “making an historic …

Voters want Rishi Sunak to impose windfall tax on energy firms in mini-budget, poll shows
2 years, 9 months ago

Voters want Rishi Sunak to impose windfall tax on energy firms in mini-budget, poll shows

The Independent  

Sign up for the View from Westminster email for expert analysis straight to your inbox Get our free View from Westminster email Get our free View from Westminster email SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. And the Savanta ComRes survey also found majority support – including among Conservative voters – …

RACHEL REEVES calls on Rishi Sunak to 'grasp the seriousness of the situation'
2 years, 9 months ago

RACHEL REEVES calls on Rishi Sunak to 'grasp the seriousness of the situation'

Daily Mail  

The Chancellor faces a historic moment on Wednesday. Shadow Chancellor Rachel Reeves, pictured, says 'inflation is soaring, and is set to get worse' The ill-timed National Insurance rise is even more misguided when you look at how much extra tax revenue he is raking in from soaring prices, which gives him billions of pounds of wriggle room. Rachel Reeves says: …

Discover Related