SoftBank Group Corp. resumed buying back shares in September, shelling out ¥40.1 billion after suspending in August a multi-billion-dollar program that’s proven instrumental in buoying the stock. Masayoshi Son’s conglomerate bought back 6.17 million shares last month, it said in a filing Wednesday, part of a now half-completed 2.5 trillion yen buyback program. The Japanese company resumed buying on Sept. …