Heart defects to neural tube issues: Types of birth defects and treatment

A congenital anomaly, also known as a birth defect, refers to any medical condition present from birth and the term congenital indicates that the condition was acquired in the womb. Heart defects to neural tube issues: Types of birth defects and treatment The majority of congenital anomalies have no clear cause and some are genetic, others may be associated with the mother's health during pregnancy. Some congenital anomalies exhibit both structural and developmental effects, such as fragile X syndrome, spina bifida and Down syndrome.” He elaborated, “Common structural congenital anomalies encompass heart defects, spina bifida, cleft lip or palate, and clubfoot. In severe cases, infants with heart defects often require surgical intervention shortly after birth.” Dr Tushar Parikh revealed, “Cleft lip or palate occurs when the tissues forming the roof of the mouth or lip do not properly join together, leading to potential issues with speech, hearing, and eating. For instance, fragile X syndrome affects normal brain development as well as learning and behaviour.” The treatment: Dr Tushar Parikh highlighted, “In many cases, serious structural abnormalities require surgery soon after a baby is born.