India’s budget math faces a tough challenge now
Live MintAs with every other Union budget in the country, all eyes will focus on the fiscal deficit number that India’s new finance minister, Nirmala Sitharaman presents on 5 July in her maiden budget speech. The adjusted fiscal deficit calculations take into account the issuance of special bonds such as oil bonds, fertilizer bonds and Food Corporation of India bonds till fiscal 2009 and National Small Savings Fund loans and government-serviced bonds issued by public sector entities in the more recent years. Loans extended by NSSF to public sector entities such as FCI, National Highways Authority of India, and IRFC account for a significant chunk of the public sector capital spending in recent years. Any serious discussion on how the Indian economy has performed in recent years is hampered by, among other things, “the problem of public sector borrowing requirement being higher than the reported fiscal deficit because of extra borrowing by government agencies.,” said a recent IDFC Institute working paper authored by the economist and Mint columnist Niranjan Rajadhyaksha.