What we do and don’t know about gut health
BBCWhat we do and don’t know about gut health Getty Images The microbiome inside our bodies dictates many aspects of our health – and is as individual as we are. So far, research suggest those whose diets include more plant-based foods have a more diverse microbiome, and one that is "extremely different" from those who don't, says Daniel McDonald, the project's scientific director. Babies delivered by natural birth have been found to have higher gut bacterial counts than those delivered by Caesarean section because of the contact they make with their mother's vaginal and intestinal bacteria, says Lindsay Hall, microbiome research leader at Quadram Institute Bioscience. Getty Images There is a recent trend toward taking probiotic supplements because we are only now realising the extent to which the gut microbiome affects us "Research shows that if we take gut bacteria from depressed humans and colonise the guts of mice with it, the mice show changes in their behaviour and physiology that are characteristic of depression," she says. "The gut microbiome is so diverse that, even if there was a type of bacteria producing active chemicals to manipulate our behaviour, this bacteria would quickly be outcompeted by other bacteria not investing any extra energy to produce the compound," says Johnson, one of the paper's authors.